明年1月1日起，我国将有780多种进口商品实施低于最惠国税率的年度进口暂定税率。调整后，我国进出口税目总数由2012年的8194个增至8238个。

January 1,China will have more than 780 kinds of imported goods implementation below MFN rates annual import, the temporary tariff rate.adjusted,The total import and export tax items in our country from 2012 in 8194 to 8238.

　　专家分析，明年的关税调整策略，凸显出我国支持企业自主创新、推动产业结构转型升级的调控导向。此外，进口商品关税大幅降低，也有利于扩大国内需求，推动进出口贸易平衡发展。

Expert analysis,Next year's tariff adjustment strategy,Highlight our country support enterprise independent innovation/Promote the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure of the control guide.In addition,Imports tariff greatly reduced,But also to expand domestic demand,To promote the balanced development of import and export trade.

　　关税调整每年都进行

Tariff adjustment for every year

　　“关税调整每年都在进行，此次对进口商品关税的下调，延续了我国促进口，推动国际贸易平衡发展的策略。”山东济南海关通关处处长董孝荣分析。

"Tariff adjustment in every year,The tariffs on imported goods cut,Continue to promote in the mouth,To promote international trade balance development strategy."Shandong jinan customs clearance marshal DongXiaoRong analysis.

　　据介绍，自2001年加入世贸组织之后，我国进口商品关税水平逐年降低。截至2010年，我国加入世贸组织的降税承诺已经全部履行完毕，所有进口商品平均关税水平达到9.8%。

According to introducing,Since 2001, after the accession to the world trade organization,Our country imports tariff level reduced year by year.By the end of 2010,China's accession to the world trade organization commitment has lower taxes the full performance,All imports average tariff level reached 9.8%.

　　“这时关税的调整也是世贸组织对我们的要求，也是中国对外贸环境大调整的重要举措。”董孝荣解释。

"Then tariff adjustment is the world trade organization (wto) to our requirements,Is China's foreign trade environment big adjustment important action."DongXiaoRong explain.

　　实际上，我国进口关税下调的步伐一直没有停止。2011年和2012年，我国又分别对600多种资源性、730多种基础原材料和关键零部件产品实施较低的年度进口暂定税率。2013年，实施降税商品范围进一步扩大。

In fact,Our country import tariffs have been didn't stop the pace of.In 2011 and 2012,And our country respectively on more than 600 kinds of resource/More than 730 kinds of basic raw materials and key spare parts product implementation low annual import, the temporary tariff rate.In 2013,,Implement drop tax commodity scope further.

　　不过，在山东社科院国际经济研究所副所长顾春太看来，今年关税调整与当前的外贸环境不无关联。

but,In shandong academy of international economic and deputy director of the institute GuChunTai looks,This tariff adjustment and the current foreign trade environment is related.

　　海关数据显示，由于当前国际大宗原材料总体价格下降，我国进口增速出现回落，今年11月我国进口零增长，前11月我国进口仅增长4.1%，而贸易顺差扩大至1995.4亿美元。与之相对的数据是，1-11月份，山东进口增长4.7%，但11月当月，出口却出现下滑，且降幅高达8.2%。

Customs data shows,Due to the current international bulk raw material price drop,Our country imports fell,On November this year China's imported zero growth,In the first 11 months imports rose by only 4.1%,And the trade surplus expansion to $199.54 billion.And the relative data is,1 - November,Shandong imports rose 4.7%,But on November month,Export has declined,And by as much as 8.2%.

　　“从今年关税调整可以看出，我国仍高度重视对外贸易发展中的不平衡问题，采取一系列政策措施抑制顺差过快增长。”顾春太认为，此时降低多种商品进口关税，可以扩大进口，有利于推动我省对外贸易发展更趋平衡。

"From this tariff adjustment can be seen,Our country still attach great importance to the development of foreign trade of the imbalance,Take a series of policy measures inhibiting surplus too fast growth."GuChunTai think,The variety of goods to reduce import tariff,Can expand import,In our province to promote the development of foreign trade more hasten is balance.

　　消费者能否得实惠

Consumers can have benefits

　　值得关注的是，在这次降税的780多种商品中，还包括了特殊配方婴幼儿奶粉、调味品等与百姓日常生活关系密切的商品。降税之后，是否就意味着，国内消费者可以不再因为内外差价，去国外买奶粉了呢?

There is concern,In the fall of the tax more than 780 kinds of products,Also includes a special formula baby milk powder/Dressing with the people closely related to the daily life of the goods.Drop after tax,Does that mean,Domestic consumers can no longer because of difference inside and outside,To go abroad to buy milk powder now?

　　董孝荣对此的解读是，目前仅从网上信息来看，此次涉及的特殊配方婴幼儿奶粉主要是指乳蛋白部分水解配方、乳蛋白深度水解配方、氨基酸配方等特殊婴幼儿奶粉，建议暂定税率由20%降低至5%。

This is DongXiaoRong interpretation,Currently, only to see from the information on the Internet,The special formula in infant milk powder is mainly refers to milk protein partially hydrolyzed formula/Milk protein hydrolysis depth formula/Amino acid formula and other special infant milk powder,Suggest, the temporary tariff rate from 20% down to 5%.

　　“这个降至5%的税率，是指进境货物的税率，其征税对象是奶粉经销商，所以税率下降，并不意味着经销商会降低其奶粉的零售价格。”董孝荣说。

"The drop to the tax rate of 5%,Refers to the tax rate of import cargo,The levy object is milk powder dealers,So rate decline,Does not mean that the dealer will reduce the retail price of the milk powder."DongXiaoRong said.

　　“其实这些特殊配方奶粉是针对一些少见疾病，如白血病、短肠症、过敏患儿所‘量身定做’的小众奶粉，市场份额非常小，对于正常的奶粉市场其实影响甚微。”山东省奶企协会一位不愿具名的工作人员表示，如果涵盖“乳蛋白部分水解配方”的普通奶粉也可申报新税率，则覆盖面很大，“具体还要看海关细则和解释。”

"Actually these special formula milk powder is for some rare disease,Such as leukemia/Short bowel syndrome/Allergy that children‘tailored’Little all the milk powder,Market share is very small,For the normal milk powder market actually has little effect."Shandong province milk enterprises association an anonymous staff said,If the cover"Milk protein partially hydrolyzed formula"Ordinary milk powder can also declare new rate,Coverage is a,"Specific depends on customs rules and interpretation."

　　顾春太则表示，“关税的降低与商品价格下降不具线性关系，影响价格的因素，除了成本之外，还有市场需求。”根据中投顾问发布的《2011-2015年中国奶粉市场投资分析及前景预测报告》显示，中国0-3岁的婴幼儿有7000多万，且每年仍将迎来1600万至2000万新生儿，中国已成为世界最大的奶粉市场。因此无论关税上调还是下调，进口奶粉上涨的步伐难以放慢。

GuChunTai, said,"Tariff reduction and commodity price fall has no linear relationship,The factors of influencing the price,In addition to outside cost,And the market demand."Issued by the bank according to the consultant[2011-2015 Chinese milk powder market investment analysis and prospect forecast report]display,China 0 to 3 years old baby has more than 7000,And every year will still have 16 million to 20 million newborns,China has become the world's largest milk powder market.So no matter raised tariffs or cut,Imported milk powder to slow down the pace of rising.

　　此外，分销体制也是进口奶粉价格高涨的关键。据介绍，在一罐进口奶粉的价格构成中，关税和检测费用比例约为28%至30%，原料成本比例为33%，运输、渠道、广告等其他费用的比例接近40%。尽管关税和检测费用占据总成本近三分之一，但对奶粉价格制定影响较小。

In addition,Distribution system is the key of imported milk powder prices.According to introducing,In a pot of imported milk powder in the price structure,Tariff and testing cost about 28% to 30%,The cost of raw material ratio of 33%,transport/channel/The proportion of advertising and other costs nearly 40%.Although tariffs and testing cost occupies total cost nearly a third,But the price of milk powder for less effect.

　　“转调创”的导向更明显

"Modulate and"Guide more apparent

　　“此次调整有利于扩大国内消费需求，但要真正降低百姓的消费负担，不仅需要关税的调整，更需要流通等其他环节的配套改革。”顾春太表示，尽管结构调整不可能一蹴而就，但此次关税调整，为节能减排及结构调整，在增强关税政策的针对性、灵活性和前瞻性方面做出了积极努力。

"The adjustment is helpful to expand domestic consumption demand,But to really reduce the consumption of the burden of the people,Not only need tariff adjustment,Need more circulation and other link reform."GuChunTai said,Although structure adjustment can't accomplish in one move,But the tariff adjustment,For energy conservation and emissions reduction and structure adjustment,In the enhancement tariff policy pertinence/Agility and prospective made positive efforts.

　　根据财政部公布的方案，汽车生产线机器人、电动汽车用逆变器模块、无级变速箱用钢带等促进装备制造业和战略性新兴产业，以及动车组用胶囊等节能环保产品所需的关键设备和零部件进口关税进一步降低，成为本次关税调整的一大亮点。

According to the ministry of finance announced the plan,Automobile production line robot/Electric automotive inverter module/Stepless transmission steel belt and promote the equipment manufacturing industry and strategic emerging industry,And motor train unit with capsule for energy conservation and environmental protection products of the key equipment and parts import tariff further reduce,Become the one large window of the tariff.

　　顾春太指出，这对于提高我国制造业技术水平、加速新兴产业的发展有着十分积极的意义。此外，目前我国对能源、资源类商品依存度较高，已成为全球最大的资源品需求国之一，成品油、煤炭和有色金属等商品的供给缺口很大。此次关税调整政策延续了加强和鼓励能源资源性产品进口的趋势，有利于促进能源资源节约和生态环境保护。

GuChunTai pointed out that,To improve the technical level of China's manufacturing industry/Accelerate the development of new industry has a very positive meaning.In addition,At present our country on energy/Resources goods high dependence,Has become the world's largest resources product demand is one of the countries,product/Coal and non-ferrous metals and other commodities supply a gap.The tariff adjustment policies continue to strengthen and encourage energy resource products import trend,To promote energy conservation of resources and ecological environment protection.

　　省机电产品进出口办公室主任臧耀刚告诉记者，以我省机电产品为例，目前我省机电产品进出口居全国前列，但与全国和沿海先进省市相比，我省出口产品结构相对落后的矛盾十分突出，在当前国内外经济形势下，传统外贸发展方式和外贸结构已经难以为继。

Province mechanical and electrical products import and export office director ZangYaoGang told reporters,Mechanical and electronic products in our province as an example,At present our province mechanical and electrical products import and export occupies the national front row,But with the national advanced provinces and cities and coastal compared,Export products in our province is relatively backward structure contradiction is very outstanding,In the current economic situation at home and abroad,The traditional foreign trade development mode and foreign trade structure has been difficult.

　　他表示，这次进口关税调整，意在鼓励扩大对高端机电产品的进口，通过引进、消化、吸收，减少企业技术改造的成本支出，从而提高生产效率，提升创新能力，加快转型升级。“这项举措，对明年的外贸增长也有一定的刺激作用。”（代玲玲）

He said,The import tariff adjustment,To encourage expand to high-end mechanical and electrical products import,Through the introduction of/digestion/absorption,To reduce the cost of enterprise technical reform,So as to improve the production efficiency,Improve innovation ability,To speed up the transformation and upgrading of."The move,For next year's foreign trade growth also has certain stimulation."(Lingling and)