外贸增速下滑明显，贸易结构有所改善

Foreign trade growth,Trade structure is improved

　　1．进出口增速回落至个位数。2012年以来，国际经济恶化超出预期，国内外需求放缓程度不断加深，我国出口与进口双双萎缩，对外贸易整体回调，增幅跌至个位数。1-11月，我国进出口总值实现35002.8亿美元，同比增长5.8%。其中，出口18499.1亿美元，增长7.3%；进口16503.7亿美元，增长4.1%；贸易顺差达到1995.4亿美元，同比扩大44.2%。基于此，国家为促进对外贸易持续、稳定增长，在已制定政策的基础上，进一步出台了新的支持外贸八大措施。目前外贸形势出现好转。预计未来政策效果将逐步释放并显现，我国外贸形势恶化的趋势在一定程度上有所缓解，预计2012年全年出口增长7.2%左右，进口增长4.2%左右，外贸顺差达2200亿美元左右。

1. Import and export growth fell back to singly.Since 2012,International economic deterioration than expected,Slowing demand degree deepening at home and abroad,China's exports and imports both atrophy,Foreign trade as a whole,Growth fell comfortable.1 - November,China's import and export total $3.50028 trillion,A year-on-year increase of 5.8%.Among them,Export of $1.84991 trillion,Growth of 7.3%;Imported 1.65037 trillion us dollars,Growth of 4.1%;Trade surplus of $199.54 billion,To expand by 44.2% year-on-year.Based on this,Country to promote foreign trade/Stable growth,On the basis of the established policy,Further introduced new support foreign trade eight measures.The present situation of foreign trade in.The expected future policy effect will gradually release and appeared,Our country foreign trade situation deteriorating trend to a certain extent, ease,For the year 2012 is expected to export growth of about 7.2%,Import growth around 4.2%,Trade surplus of $220 billion or so.

　　2.进出口商品结构持续优化。总体来看，2012年我国贸易产品结构将保持优化发展态势，机电产品出口继续稳态增长，劳动密集型产品比重下降趋势不变，资源类产品进口规模扩大，消费品进口增长凭借政策助力得以迅速提高。

2. Continuous optimization of the mix of imports and exports.overall,In 2012 China's trade product structure will remain optimization development trend,Mechanical and electrical products exports continue to steady growth,Proportion of labor-intensive products decline,Resources products import scale,Consumer goods import growth power increase rapidly with the policy.

　　进口方面：一是能源、矿产类商品进口快速增长。2012年1-11月，以能源、原材料为代表的主要品种大宗商品进口增长均高于平均增速。二是粮食类产品进口提速。目前我国消费品进口比重占5%左右，世界上中等收入国家一般为10%左右，发达国家一般为20%左右。年内，国家出台了相关政策鼓励扩大消费品进口，消费品进口成为2012年进口领域新亮点。

Import aspect:One is the energy/Mineral commodities import growth.1 - November 2012,With energy/Raw materials for the main varieties of commodities import growth are higher than the average growth rate.2 it is food products import speed-up.At present our country imported consumer goods accounted for the proportion of 5% or so,Middle-income countries in the world is about 10%,Developed countries is about 20%.During the year,State the relevant policies encourage more consumer goods imported,Imported consumer goods has become a new luminescent spot import field in 2012.

　　出口方面：一是技术含量与产品附加值较高的机电产品出口增长较好。2012年1-11月机电产品出口10645.4亿美元，增长8.2%，占出口总值的57.5%，同比提高0.4个百分点。二是劳动密集型产品出口缓中趋稳。1-11月，服装、纺织品、鞋类等7大类劳动密集型产品合计出口增长7.4%，占我国出口总值20.4%，与2011年同期基本持平。三是“两高一资”产品出口继续下降。

export:One is the technology content and high value-added products better mechanical and electrical products export growth.1 - November 2012 mechanical and electrical products export $1.06454 trillion,Growth of 8.2%,About 57.5% of the total cost of the export,Increased by 0.4% year-on-year.2 it is slow stabilised in labor-intensive products exports.1 - November,clothing/textile/Shoes 7 types, labor-intensive products total export growth of 7.4%,Accounted for 20.4% of China's exports,Same with the same period in 2011.3 it is"Two tall information"Exports continued to decline.

　　3.对传统市场贸易出现降温。2012年以来，我国主要传统出口市场环境趋于恶化，新兴市场情况保持良好。一是对美、日、欧市场进出口加速下滑。欧洲市场需求锐减，1-11月，中欧双边贸易总值4957.5亿美元，下降4.1%，对欧盟出口3022.7亿美元，下降7%，降幅呈逐月扩大趋势。目前欧盟作为我国第一大出口市场的地位已经被美国取代。2012年美国经济保持温和增长，但增速低于预期。，1-11月中美双边贸易总值为4386.2亿美元，增长8.2%，对美出口增长8.2%，我国对美贸易尽管总体好于其他主要贸易伙伴。当前中日因钓鱼岛主权之争，导致中日贸易大幅减速，1-11月双边贸易总值为3028.5亿美元，下降2.9%，目前已经连续5月负增长。二是与新兴市场贸易往来活跃。我国与新兴市场国家贸易比重不断提升，东盟持续保持我国第三大贸易伙伴地位，南非等若干新兴市场国家在我国贸易伙伴中的地位有所提高。

3. The traditional market trade is cooled.Since 2012,China's major traditional export market environment deteriorated,Emerging markets keep good condition.One is to the United States/th/European market import and export speed down.European market demand,1 - November,Bilateral trade value $495.75 billion,Decreased by 4.1%,Exports to the European Union (eu) $302.27 billion,Decreased by 7%,Drop in enlarging trend from month to month.At present, the European Union as the status of China's first major export markets has been replaced by the United States.In 2012 the United States to maintain moderate economic growth,But growth below expectations.,1 - November total bilateral trade between China and the United States for 438.62 billion dollars,Growth of 8.2%,Exports to America an increase of 8.2%,In our country to the United States trade although overall good in other major trading partners.The current sino-japanese for sovereignty over diaoyu island,In the sino-japanese trade in slowing down,1 - November bilateral trade value of $302.85 billion,Decreased by 2.9%,Has been negative for five month.The second is the active trade with emerging market.China's trade with emerging market countries the proportion,Asean maintain China's third largest trading partner,Some emerging market countries such as South Africa's status in China's trading partners.

　　4.一般贸易增长好于加工贸易。贸易方式方面，一般贸易比重继续提高，加工贸易增长放缓。一是2012年1-11月，一般贸易出口8922.3亿美元，增长7.2%；进口9304.7亿美元，增长1.7%；一般贸易进出口额占我外贸进口总值的52%。一般贸易相对于加工贸易，具有国内产业链条长、自主研发因素强、行业带动效应大等特点，其比重的持续提高显示我国近年来贸易方式不断优化。二是加工贸易进出口增长速度进一步减慢，1-11月仅增长2.6%，低于我国外贸总体增速3.2个百分点，占同期进出口总额34.9%，其中出口增长2.9%，低于同期我国出口平均水平4.4个百分点，进口增长2%。

4. General trade growth well in processing trade.Trade ways,General trade proportion continue to improve,Processing trade growth slowed.One is November 1-2012,General trade export $892.23 billion,Growth of 7.2%;Imported 930.47 billion us dollars,Growth of 1.7%;General trade in exports accounted for 52% of the total cost of the foreign trade import. I.General trade relative to processing trade,A domestic industry chain length/Independent research and development factors/Big industry leading effect, etc,The continuous improvement of the proportion of display continuously optimize trade in recent years in China.2 it is processing trade import and export growth slowing further,1 - just 2.6% in November,Less than 3.2% overall growth of foreign trade in our country,Accounted for 34.9% of total volume of imports and exports during the same period,Export growth of 2.9%,Lower than the same period of our country export average of 4.4%,Import growth rate of 2%.

　　5．贸易主体格局更趋合理。贸易主体格局方面，外资企业贸易占比萎缩，民营企业进出口规模扩大。我国大部分外向型企业在本轮外贸减速的冲击下，均主动或被动地进行了产业、产品升级，提高生产经营水平，增强扩展市场的能力。其中，尤其是以中小型企业为主的民营企业，凭借转向灵活、适应力强等特点，外贸增长相对较快。2012年1-10月，民营企业（包括集体、私营企业及其他企业）进出口8779.7亿美元，增长28.8%，高出我外贸总体增速22.5个百分点。同期外商投资企业进出口增长2.2%，低于我国外贸总体增速4.1个百分点，国有企业进出口则下降0.03%。

5. Trading main body structure is more reasonable.Trading main body pattern,The foreign capital enterprise trade is shrinking,Private enterprises import and export scale expansion.Most of the export-oriented enterprises in our country under the impact of the slowdown this foreign trade,Are actively or passively in the industry/Product promotion,Improve the level of production and business operation,Enhance the ability to expand the market.Among them,Especially in small and medium-sized enterprise for the sake of the private enterprises,With flexible steering/The adaptive faculty strong, etc,Foreign trade growth relatively fast.October 1-2012,The private enterprise(Including the collective/Private enterprises and other enterprises)Import and export of 877.97 billion dollars,Growth of 28.8%,My overall growth of foreign trade 22.5% higher.Import and export enterprises with foreign investment increased by 2.2% over the same period,Less than 4.1% overall growth of foreign trade in our country,It dropped 0.03% in the import and export of state-owned enterprises.

　　外商直接投资呈现负增长，部分行业利用外资规模扩大

Foreign direct investment on negative growth,In some industries use of foreign capital scale

　　1.外商直接投资同比下降。2012年以来，政府有关部门根据实际情况，以“稳定规模、优化结构、提升水平”为目标，坚持积极主动的开放战略，进一步丰富投资方式，拓宽引资渠道，扩大开放领域，鼓励外商投资战略性新兴产业、现代农业、现代服务业和节能环保产业，修订并实施《中西部地区外商投资优势产业目录》，推动投资便利化，创新管理体制，努力为外资在华发展营造良好的环境。但是，由于世界经济低迷、欧债危机恶化，国际投资活跃程度降低。根据联合国贸易和发展组织统计，在全球外商直接投资形势堪忧背景下，中国外商直接投资下滑，1-11月，全国新批设立外商投资企业22503家，同比下降10.3%；实际使用外资金额1000.2亿美元，同比下降3.6%。预计2012年实际利用外商直接投资1125亿美元，下降3%左右。

1. The foreign direct investment year-on-year decline.Since 2012,According to the actual situation of the relevant government departments,In order to"Stability of the scale/Optimize the structure of/Level of ascension"As the goal,Adhere to the proactive strategy of opening to the outside world,Further enrich the investment way,Widen the channel of the capital,Opening wider to the outside world in the field of,Encourage foreign investment strategic emerging industries/Modern agriculture/Modern service industry and the energy conservation and environmental protection industry,Revision and implementation[Foreign-funded dominant industries of the central and western regions catalogue],To promote investment facilitation,Innovation management system,Efforts to create a good environment for the development of foreign investment in China.but,Due to the economic downturn in the world/European debt crisis,International investment activity.According to the statistics of the UN conference on trade and development (oecd),Under the background of serious global foreign direct investment situation,China's foreign direct investment,1 - November,The new batch of 22503 to establish a foreign-funded enterprise,Decreased by 10.3% year-on-year;Actual use of foreign capital of $100.02 billion,Decreased by 3.6% year-on-year.To foreign direct investment actually used came to 112.5 billion dollars in 2012,By about 3%.

　　2.利用外资结构有所优化。尽管我国外商直接投资总体增速下降，但是在结构改善方面取得一定进展。一是服务业利用外资规模超过制造业。今年以来，外商投资领域向服务业转移的趋势愈加明显。2012年1-11月，扣除房地产因素（房地产实际使用外资下降8.3%），服务业实际使用外资同比增长2.8%，其中城市公共交通业、电信和其他信息传输服务业、管道运输业等行业实际使用外资同比增长较快，增幅分别为2441.5%、1172.5%和707.2%。制造业实际使用外资439.7亿美元，同比下降7.1%，占全国总量的44.0%，二是中部地区实际使用外资保持较快增长。1-11月，中部地区实际使用外资84.0亿美元，同比增长18.9%，占全国总额的8.4%。西部地区实际使用外资77.9亿美元，增长1.1%，占全国总额的7.8%。东部地区实际使用外资838.3亿美元，下降5.8%，占全国总额的83.8%。

2. The use of foreign capital structure optimization.Despite the overall growth of foreign direct investment in our country,But some progress was made in the improvement of the structure.One is service utilization of foreign capital scale than manufacturing.Since this year,Shift to service in the field of foreign investment trend more obvious.1 - November 2012,Deduct the real estate(Real estate actually using a foreign investment fell 8.3%),Services actually using a foreign investment increased 2.8% year-on-year,The urban public transportation/Telecommunications and other information transmission services/Pipeline transportation and other industries actually using a foreign investment grew quickly,Growth was 2441.5%/1172.5% and 707.2%.Manufacturing actual use of foreign capital of $43.97 billion,Decreased by 7.1% year-on-year,Accounting for 44.0% of the total in the country,The second is the actual use of foreign capital to maintain rapid growth in central China.1 - November,The central region actually using a foreign investment of $8.4 billion,A year-on-year increase of 18.9%,Accounting for 8.4% of the total amount of the country.In the western region actually using a foreign investment of $7.79 billion,Growth of 1.1%,Accounting for 7.8% of the total amount of the country.The eastern region actually using a foreign investment of $83.83 billion,Decreased by 5.8%,Accounting for 83.8% of the total amount of the country.