近几年，国有五大行已陆续成功改制和上市，并取得飞速发展。但是三大政策性银行，除了国开行转变为商业银行外，进出口银行和农业发展银行的改制几陷于停滞状态。

In recent years,State five rows have been successful restructuring and listing,And achieved rapid development.But the three policy Banks,In addition to the CDB into a commercial bank,Import and export bank and the agricultural development bank restructuring a few to a standstill state.

　　近日，全国政协委员、中国进出口银行董事长、行长李若谷在接受《每日经济新闻(博客,微博)》记者采访时坦言：“改制没有实质性进展，我们听中央的。”据他介绍，目前改制的方案还存在较大分歧。

In recent days,The CPPCC national committee/Chairman of the export-import bank of China/President li ruogu said in an interview[The daily economic news(blog,weibo)]Reporter to interview said:"Change make no substantive progress,We listen to the central."According to he,The restructuring plan there are larger differences.

　　“改制要根据国家的需要，现在还没有形成共识，只是保留这样的机会，具体怎么去做还有很大分歧。”李若谷表示，进出口银行不可能完全商业化，不会把政策性业务完全取消。

"Restructured according to the need of the country,There is as yet no consensus,Just keep this opportunity,There are great differences to specific what to do."Li ruogu said,Import and export bank can't completely commercialized,Not cancel policy business completely.

　　据了解，三大政策性银行的改制工作早在2006年就启动，坚持与四大行改革一致的“一行一策”基本方针，各行根据自身特点，同时又按照开发性金融机构的运作模式进行设计。2008年末，国开行股份有限公司挂牌，但是进出口银行和农发行没有多大动静。

We have learned,The system restructuring work of the three policy Banks started as early as 2006,Adhere to consistent with the reform of the big four Banks"A line of a ce"The basic principle,All according to their own characteristics,At the same time in accordance with the operation pattern of developmental financial institution design.At the end of 2008,CDB listed shares co., LTD,Import and export bank and the bank but not much action.

　　现在，国开行被称为“两栖”金融机构，既有商业化的经营，也有国家大型项目的政策性支持，并且至今国开行仍不具备揽储功能。李若谷也称：“理论上国开行已经转制为商业银行了，但它很多行为并不一定是商业银行行为。”

now,CDB is called"amphibious"Financial institutions,Both the commercial operation,There is also a national large-scale projects policy support,And CDB still does not have deposits function.Li, also known as:"CDB has been theoretically for the conversion of the commercial Banks,But it is a lot of behavior is not necessarily a commercial bank behavior."

　　据了解，改制进出口银行的思路是要办成一个可持续发展的政策性银行，以政策性业务带动自营性业务，政策性业务和自营性业务实行分账经营。进出口银行年报显示，截至2012年末，资产总额达到1199亿元，盈利31亿元。

We have learned,Restructuring export import bank of ideas is to be a sustainable policy Banks,In policy to drive any business,Policy and proprietary business separate accounting management.Import and export bank annual report showed,By the end of 2012,Total assets of 119.9 billion yuan,Profit of 3.1 billion yuan.

　　李若谷表示：“我们的自营性业务也不是以赚钱为目的，而是根据企业的需要，一直也是保持着微利。”

Li ruogu said:"Our proprietary in business is not to make money for the purpose,But according to the needs of enterprises,Has also maintained a small profit."

　　目前，国家对政策性金融机构的监管是比照商业性金融机构的现状，为此李若谷曾建议，政策性金融机构不是商业法人，也不是事业法人，而是一个特殊（特定）法人。对政策性金融机构必须单独立法，不能单纯按照商业性金融机构进行监管。

At present,Supervision of the state of policy-based financial institutions is according to the present situation of the commercial financial institutions,Therefore li ruogu advised,Policy-oriented financial institutions is not a business as a legal person,Nor is it enterprise as a legal person,But a special(specific)As a legal person.Of policy-based financial institutions must separate legislation,Can't simply carried out in accordance with the commercial financial institutions supervision.

　　在支持小微企业贷款方面，国开行已经设立了村镇银行，而进出口银行在这方面却受到限制。李若谷表示：“村镇行现在银监会不让我们设立，国开行是已经转制为商业性银行。商业银行能发起设立村镇银行，但是我们不能。”

In support of small micro enterprise loans,CDB has been set up village Banks,And the import and export bank in this area is limited.Li ruogu said:"Towns and villages CBRC now do not let us set up,CDB is already into the commercial bank.Commercial Banks can set up village Banks,But we can't."