近日，印度政府公布2013—2014年度化肥补贴计划，磷肥和钾肥补贴额较去年减少大约15%。在全球化肥贸易开始活跃的紧要关头，印度政府对国内化肥市场的支持力度吸引着全球化肥贸易商的眼球。推迟一个月公布化肥补贴计划，给印度国内企业造成一些困难。而补贴的结果，也给国际市场带来重要影响。 

近日,The Indian government announced 2013-2014 annual fertiliser subsidies plan,Phosphate and potash fertilizer subsidy about 15% less than last year.In the global fertilizer trade began to active point,The Indian government to support domestic chemical fertilizer market attract the attention of the global fertilizer trader.Delayed release fertiliser subsidies plan one month,Cause some difficulties to domestic companies.And the result of the subsidies,Also bring important influence on the international market. 

　　化肥补贴下降　促使市场价格下滑 

化肥补贴下降　促使市场价格下滑 

　　印度政府上周宣布，随着国际钾肥和磷肥价格的下滑，本财年，政府将减少化肥的补贴。基于养分补贴政策，印度联合内阁决定，本财年氮肥的单养分补贴由去年24卢比/公斤下降至20.875卢比/公斤；钾肥补贴从去年24卢比/公斤降至18.33卢比/公斤；磷肥从21.8卢比/公斤降至18.679/公斤；硫磺补贴保持在去年的1.677卢比/公斤。因此，按照养分补贴计算，二铵的补贴为12350卢比/吨（229.49美元/吨），较去年同期14350卢比/吨（265.5美元/吨）下降14%。去年印度进口二铵价格为580美元/吨，今年的国际价格为525美元/吨。同样，氯化钾补贴为11300卢比/吨（210美元/吨），较去年同期14400（266.4美元/吨）下降22%。去年上半年印度进口钾肥价格为到岸价490美元/吨，今年的国际报价是到岸价430美元/吨。另外，其它含磷钾的化肥也将根据养分含量来计算补贴额。印度财政部部长P. Chidambaram表示，总体来看，由于全球化肥价格下降，2013-2014年磷肥和钾肥的补贴额同比减少15%，但实际的补贴额还将根据消费量计算。 

印度政府上周宣布,As international potash and phosphate prices decline,This fiscal year,The government will reduce the fertilizer subsidy.Based on the nutrient allowance policy,India's coalition cabinet decision,This fiscal year, nitrogen single nutrient subsidies by 24 r/kg last year dropped to 20.875 rupees/kg;Potash fertilizer subsidies from 24 r/kg last year to 18.33 rupees/kg;Phosphate from rupees 21.8 / kg to 18.679 / kg;Sulfur subsidies in rupees 1.677 / kg last year.so,According to the nutrient allowance calculation,Diammonium subsidies for 12350 rupees ($/ ton($229.49 / ton),From a year earlier, 14350 rupees per ton($265.5 / ton)Dropped by 14%.Last year India imports diammonium price is $580 / ton,This year's international price is $525 / ton.The same,Potassium chloride subsidies for 11300 rupees ($/ ton($210 / ton),14400 from a year earlier($266.4 / ton)Dropped by 22%.In the first half of last year India import potash price to $490 per ton cif,This year's international is $430 per ton cif quotation.In addition,Other phosphorus potassium fertilizer subsidy is calculated according to nutrient content.India's finance minister, P. Chidambaram said,In general,Due to the global fertilizer prices down,2013-2014, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer subsidy down 15% year on year,But the actual figure will be calculate according to the consumption. 

　　去年拉比季节（冬季），印度二铵价格为24000卢比/吨（444美元/吨），氯化钾价格为17000卢比/吨（314.5美元/吨）。随着补贴的减少，印度政府估计二铵和氯化钾的最高零售价会分别下降1500和1000卢比/吨。印度政府表示，国际化肥价格降幅大于补贴减少幅度，化肥公司也将为了消耗现在库存的压力而降低销售价格，这将对农民带来益处。Chidambaram称，印度化肥部会建立一个机制尽量保证生产商降低最高零售价，并通过国际市场价格的降低为农民带来利润。他表示：“如果市场有波动或违背国家预期的情况，政府会通过监测机制来维护市场，保证农民的利益。” 

去年拉比季节(During the winter),Diammonium India for 24000 rupees ($/ ton price($444 / ton),Potassium chloride for 17000 rupees ($/ ton price($314.5 / ton).With fewer subsidies,The Indian government estimates that 2 ammonium and potassium chloride, the highest retail price declines respectively and 1000 rupees ($1500 / ton.The Indian government said,Margin international fertilizer prices fell more than reduced subsidies,Fertiliser companies will also be to consume the inventory pressure and reduce the sales price now,This will bring benefits to farmers.Chidambaram said,Indian fertilizer department will establish a mechanism to ensure that manufacturers reduce the highest retail price,And through the international market prices for farmers to reduce the profit.He said:"If the market fluctuations or violate state expected conditions,The government will through the monitoring mechanism to maintain the market,Ensure that the interests of farmers." 

　　价格下降 市场带来增量 

价格下降 Market incremental 

　　印度政府根据国际价格的水平制定了补贴标准，而补贴的下降导致印度国内化肥销售价格的下降，也为国际化肥价格带来了“下坠”的拉力。印度将以补贴为筹码与国际供应商进行谈判，无疑为国际市场带来一些压力。 

印度政府根据国际价格的水平制定了补贴标准,And subsidies to the fall in India's domestic fertilizer sales decline in prices,Also for the international fertilizer price brings"drop"The pull of.India will with subsidies to negotiations with international suppliers,There is no doubt that bring some pressure to the international market. 

　　记者针对新的补贴计划采访了印度CGTM董事MP Sukumaran Nair博士，他表示：“养分补贴政策对印度进口商起到高效计划采购流程的调整作用，同时保证农民能够接受化肥价格。随着印度多年来消费量的增加，并且印度作为国际主要进口市场，国际市场受到印度市场的很大影响，因此国际化肥价格将有所下降。” 

记者针对新的补贴计划采访了印度CGTM董事MP Sukumaran Dr Nair,He said:"Nutrient subsidy policy for India importer efficiently plan the adjustment of the procurement process,At the same time ensure that farmers can accept the price of fertilizers.With the increase of consumption for many years in India,And India as the world's major import markets,The international market is greatly influenced by Indian market,So the international fertilizer prices will fall." 

　　然而，印度国内的销售价格下降，也为国际市场带来一些利好因素。近两年，由于尿素价格较低，农民在拉比季节和卡里夫雨季（7月初-9底）倾向于使用尿素，而今年二铵和氯化钾等肥料价格下降将有助于刺激使用量的增加。政府在2010年4月开始放开其它肥料的价格，此后，化肥的价格在全球原材料成本上升和卢比贬值的情况下，价格增加了一倍。MP Sukumaran Nair博士表示，实施养分补贴政策的目的是使农民在种植的过程中平衡施肥，将有助于根据科学的土壤分析提供更加理性的使用方法，从而提高肥料利用率，减少肥料的浪费，养分补贴将鼓励农民合理地增加磷肥的使用。 

然而,India's domestic sales prices to fall,Also brought some positive factors for the international market.In the past two years,Due to the urea price is low,Farmers in the rabbi season and cary, the rainy season(End of July 9)Tend to use urea,And in the second ammonium and potassium chloride fertilizer price reduction will help to stimulate consumption increase.The government in April 2010, began to let go of other fertilizer prices,Since then,Fertilizer prices in the global rise in the cost of raw materials and under the condition of the rupee,The price doubled.MP Sukumaran Dr Nair said,Implementation of nutrient subsidy policy is designed to make farmers in planting in the process of balanced fertilization,Will help according to the scientific method for soil analysis provides a more rational use,Thus improve the fertilizer utilization ratio,Reduce the waste of fertilizer,Nutrient subsidies to encourage farmers to increase the use of phosphate fertilizer reasonably. 

　　因此，印度化肥补贴的下降，为国际市场特别是为中国化肥出口提供一定的机会。MP Sukumaran Nair博士称：“中国具有资源丰富并与印度毗邻等优势，如果中国的化肥生产能够通过增加产品多样性和改进现有生产工艺从而使施用效果更加完善，那中国出口产品将在印度市场上量价齐升，中国化肥企业将具有更强的竞争力。”

so,India fall in fertiliser subsidies,Especially for the international market to provide some opportunities for China's chemical fertilizer export.MP Sukumaran Dr Nair said:"China has the advantage of rich resources and is adjacent to India,If China's fertilizer production by increasing product diversity and improve the existing production technology to make use of the effect is more perfect,That Chinese exports will so is quantity and price in India market,China's chemical fertilizer enterprises will have stronger competitiveness."