中秋国庆双节齐至，正是食用油消费的旺季，然而近日一位业内人士陈炳康(化名)向南都记者爆料，其送检的三份粤西散装花生油样本经广东省质量监督食品检验站检测，高致癌物黄曲霉毒素超标均高达三倍。

Mid-Autumn festival National Day double festival drawn to,It is edible oil consumption season,But recently a personage inside course of ChenBingKang(alias)Reporter to SMW leaks,The inspection of the three copies of the guangdong province west bulk peanut oil sample quality supervision, food test house detection,High carcinogens aflatoxin exceeds bid are up to three times.

　　记者在广州多个粮油批发市场走访时了解到，多家有售散装花生油的商户均称花生油来自私人榨油厂，而散装花生油现场储存销售条件并不乐观，商家亦无法提供厂家的资质证明和相关质量检测报告。散装油质量问题，揭开了包装油行业大发展之下一个阴暗的小侧面。

Reporter in guangzhou more cereals and oil wholesale market when visiting to know,Several available peanut oil in bulk of tenants said peanut oil from private oil mill,And bulk peanut oil field storage conditions of sale is not optimistic,Businesses also cannot provide manufacturer credential and related quality inspection report.Bulk oil quality problem,Uncover the packing oil industry development under a dark little side.

　　私榨花生油黄曲霉毒素超标三倍

Private squeeze peanut oil aflatoxin exceeds bid three times

　　记者在陈炳康(化名)展示的三份广东省质量监督食品检验站的检测报告见到，其送检的三份散装花生油黄曲霉毒素B 1的实测值分别为68微克/公斤、71微克/公斤、73微克/公斤。

Reporter in the ChenBingKang(alias)Show three copies of guangdong province quality supervision and food test house inspection report to see,The inspection of the three copies of bulk peanut oil yellow aspergillus toxin B 1 the measured respectively for 68 micrograms/kg/71 microgram/kg/73 microgram/kg.

　　据了解，黄曲霉毒素是目前发现的最强的化学致癌物之一。那么这种毒素是如何在花生油中产生的？广东地区由于气候潮湿，花生在生长、储存过程中尤其易滋长黄曲霉毒素，食用油黄曲霉毒素超标的主要原因是花生原料在种植、运输及储存过程中受到黄曲霉等霉菌污染。根据我国标准规定，大米、食用油中黄曲霉毒素允许含量为20微克/公斤以内。

It is understood,Yellow aspergillus toxin is the strongest chemical carcinogens found one.So this toxin is how to produce in peanut oil?The guangdong area due to the damp climate,Peanuts in the growth/In the process of storage is especially easy to develop aspergillus flavus toxin,Edible oil aflatoxin exceeds bid is the main reason of the peanut planting in raw materials/Transportation and storage process, such as by aspergillus flavus mould contamination.According to our country standard,rice/The oil content of aflatoxin allows for 20 micrograms/kilogrammes.

　　陈炳康向记者描述了他在粤西地区一家花生油加工作坊见到的整个生产情景。第一道工序，将花生倒入脱壳机进行简单的脱壳净米，其中最为关键的就是净米，也就是挑出黑色、变质、发霉的坏花生，在这道工序中只看到工人对处于上层的明显发黑的花生做出了挑拣，但对下层大量花生米的挑拣力度明显不够。第二道工序是烘烤花生，即将脱壳的花生送入烘烤机，将花生烘烤约十分钟左右烤至七八成熟后取出。第三道工序是上膛压榨出油，这批花生经过高温和压榨慢慢地产出油。第四道工序，过滤沉淀，经过简单的两次过滤网沉淀，再装入油桶。

ChenBingKang told reporters he described in west guangdong region a peanut oil processing workshop to see the whole production situation.The first procedure,The peanuts into sheller for simple dehulling net meters,One of the most key is net meters,Also is singled out black/metamorphic/Mouldy bad peanut,In this process only see workers in the top of the obvious nigrescent peanuts made the pick,But to lower a large number of peanut pick strength obviously not enough.The second process is roasted peanuts,The shells of peanuts into baking machine,Will the peanut bake about ten minutes to eight mature bake out.The third process is the roof press out oil,This batch of peanut after high temperature and press slowly oil output.The fourth process,Filter precipitation,After the two simple filter precipitation,Reload oil drum.

　　一位曾经将花生拿到私人作坊压榨的消费者林先生告诉记者，有些小作坊除了自己压榨花生油之外还帮附近的居民免费压榨，压榨过程只有前三道程序，整个过程不足一小时即可完成。

A once will peanuts to the private workshop press consumers Mr. Lin told reporters,Some small mill in addition to his press peanut oil outside help nearby residents free press,Press process only the first three way program,The whole process less than one hour can complete.

　　回头对比正规大型压榨企业的生产流程，其实很容易得出这些散装花生油出现黄曲霉毒素超标的原因。据了解，大型企业都会制定一套严格的花生原材料采购标准，并有条件将采购回来的花生原料存放在20℃的恒温库中；待各个指标稳定达标后，再送往生产线，一般油作坊则没有严格的筛选和检测条件。此外，大企业使用先进机器生产，生产过程中分多道工序，其中有一道工序是专门去除黄曲霉毒素的，油生产出来后，还将对油进行黄曲霉毒素含量检测，符合国家标准才能出货。显然，受采购标准、生产工序、生产条件等有限的影响，散装花生油显然比正规包装的花生油出现黄曲霉毒素超标的可能性大很多。

Back contrast normal large press enterprise production process,Actually very easy to draw these bulk peanut oil appear aflatoxin exceeds the reason.It is understood,Large enterprise will formulate a set of strict peanut raw materials purchasing standards,And conditions will purchase back of peanuts raw material stored in 20 ℃ in the hengwenku;For each index stable after standard,Then sent to production line,General oil workshop is no strict screening and testing conditions.In addition,Large enterprises in the use of the advanced machine production,Production process points multichannel process,There are a process is specially to remove the yellow aspergillus toxin,Oil production after coming out,Will be to oil for aflatoxin content detection,Conform to the state standards before dispatch.obviously,By purchasing standards/Production process/Production conditions and the influence of the limited,Bulk peanut oil obviously than regular packing peanut oil appear aflatoxin exceeds the possibility of mark big many.

　　散装油潜藏批发市场

Bulk oil lurk wholesale market

　　虽然难以判断是否所有散装花生油都存在黄曲霉毒素超标的问题，但一个不容忽略的事实是，在监管部门近几年对食用油的监管中，私人作坊私榨的花生油屡屡被抽检出黄曲霉毒素超标。

Though it was difficult to tell whether all bulk peanut oil in aflatoxin exceeds the problem,But a not to ignore the fact that,In recent years the supervision department for edible oils in supervision,Private workshop private squeeze of peanut oil often be check out aflatoxin exceeds bid.

　　粮油店及农贸市场是散装花生油的重要销售地，然而记者在广州多个大型粮油批发市场走访时了解到，其现场储存销售条件等多方面同样存在质量的隐忧。

LiangYouDian and farmer's market is an important peanut oil in bulk sale,However reporter in guangzhou more large grain and oil wholesale market when visiting to know,The site storage conditions of sale and so on various remains the same quality of malaises.

　　在天平架粮油批发市场，记者发现大概有十余家店铺经营散装花生油。这些店铺里都有一两个大约3米长、1米高的椭圆形大油罐，油罐表面污垢、锈迹遍布，甚至有拖线板直接堆积在油罐上。地上油迹斑斑，不时有苍蝇飞过。数十个乳白色的塑料桶直接摊在地上，有的工人直接赤裸着上身徒手用瓢将花生油通过漏斗倒入这些塑料桶里，通过一些普通的红白色塑料袋包裹开口，再拧紧瓶盖，无任何的卫生保障措施。无论是大油罐还是塑料桶，记者发现上面并无任何有关生产日期、生产厂家、保质期等来源说明。不过就在南都记者暗访时，有货车直接运走数十桶这样的散装花生油，每桶大约50斤，销量十分可观。

In the balances frame cereals and oil wholesale market,Reporter discovery about more than ten shop business bulk peanut oil.These shops have one or two about three meters long/1 m high oval large tank,Tank surface dirt/Rust in,There is even towing line plate direct deposit in the tank.Oil stains on the ground full of stains or spots,From time to time have fly flying.Dozens of ivory plastic drum direct stand on the ground,Some workers direct topless freehand with gourd ladle will peanut oil through the funnel into these plastic bins,Through some of the common red/white plastic bag open,To tighten the bottle cap,Without any health safeguard measures.No matter how big tank or plastic drum,Reporter discovery above and without any relevant production date/manufacturer/Shelf life and that source.But in SMW reporter when investigations,A truck directly carry away dozens of barrel such bulk peanut oil,A barrel of about 50 jin,Sales is very considerable.

　　那么这些散装的花生油究竟是从哪里来的？质量又是否有保障？"广州市区不准榨花生油，这些花生油都是私人自己买机器，在郊区榨好再送过来的。"在三元里新粮油蛋批发市场，一家商户的老板告诉南都记者。在这个有着二三十家粮油批发商铺的批发市场，约有五六家商铺有售散装的花生油。不过当记者索要相关的质量检测证明时，大部分散装油商户均称质量绝对有保证，但无法提供相关资料。上述商户老板给记者出具了其销售的多个包装油品牌的卫生许可证、税收登记证等资料，但当记者提及散装花生油的资质证明时，该老板坦言没有。而另一商铺仅表示其散装花生油来自南海，至于这些花生油是否具备一些质量资质证明，其员工仅表示，要先问问榨油的厂才知道。

The bulk of the peanut oil what and where do you come from?Quality and if there is a security?"Guangzhou city no squeeze peanut oil,These peanut oil is private oneself buy machine,In the suburbs pressing ok again to send back."In three yuan in new cereals and oil eggs wholesale market,A merchant boss told SMW reporter.In this has twenty or thirty home cereals and oil wholesale shops wholesale market,About five or six shop available in bulk peanut oil.But when reporters ask for relevant quality inspection when proof,Most of the oil in bulk tenants said absolutely guarantee the quality,But can't, provide the related materials.The boss gave reporters merchants issued by the sale of multiple packaging oil brand health permit/Tax registration certificate etc material,But when a reporter mentioned bulk peanut oil qualification proof when,The boss said frankly that there was no.And the other shops only said its bulk peanut oil from the south China sea,As for these peanut oil whether to have some quality qualification certification,Its employees said only,Want to ask oil factory just know.

　　南都记者在天平架粮油批发市场兜了两圈后，引起了一些商铺店员的警觉。当记者询问完散装油价格后，一店员就不停打量记者，也不再回答记者问题。

SMW reporter in the balances frame cereals and oil wholesale market take two circle,Cause some shops clerk's vigilance.When a reporter asked the bulk oil prices,A clerk does not stop at reporters,Also no longer answer reporters problem.

　　低价花生油内有乾坤

Low peanut oil were heaven and earth

　　因为花生收购价格大涨，今年以来花生油的价格也是水涨船高。目前金龙鱼、胡姬花、鲁花等品牌5L装的花生油价格普遍在135元-145元之间，摊分下来每斤花生油的售价超过14元/斤。但在粮油批发市场中其标价却显得异常低。

Because of the purchase price of peanuts,Since this year the price of peanut oil is growing fast.At present golden arowana/HuJiHua/LuHua brand such as 5 l with peanut oil prices generally is in 135 yuan - 145 yuan between,Stand points down every jins of peanut oil price more than 14 yuan per catty.But in cereals and oil wholesale market in the price it was extremely low.

　　南都记者以消费者身份询问多家商铺，发现这些散装花生油按照纯度的不同，售价每斤从6元到15元不等。在一间商铺里，店员直接将不同价格的散装油让记者闻，体会味道浓郁的差别。"很多小的餐厅、酒楼都会买这些散装油，他们为了控制成本都会买6元/斤这种最便宜的。"店员告诉记者。

SMW reporter with consumer identity ask several shops,Found these bulk peanut oil according to the different purity,Price per catty from 6 yuan to 15 dollars.In a room in the shops,Shop assistant direct will different prices of bulk oil let reporters smell,Understand the difference of flavour."Many small restaurant/Restaurant can buy these bulk oil,They in order to control the cost will buy 6 yuan/jin the cheapest."The clerk told reporters.

　　"基本上10元以下的花生油都是掺了其他油的，比如豆油。"三元里新粮油蛋批发市场的一位商户告诉记者。在走访中，记者发现虽然商户都强调有100%纯正花生油销售，但是这些所谓的纯正散装花生油价格同样千差万别。在新粮油蛋批发市场，三家商铺给记者的开价分别是9 .5元/斤、12元/斤和14元/斤。

"Basically 10 yuan of the following peanut oil is mixed with other oil,Such as soybean oil."Three yuan in new cereals and oil eggs wholesale market of a merchant told reporters.By the ways of,Reporter found that although merchant emphasized 100% pure peanut oil sales,But these so-called pure bulk peanut oil prices are also differ in thousands ways.In the new cereals and oil eggs wholesale market,Three shops offer to reporters were 9 : yuan/catty/12 yuan per catty and 14 yuan per catty.

　　"现在好的花生都七元一斤，一斤花生大概出四两油，一斤花生油光花生成本就超过17块。我们的油用的是超过5元/斤、个头小一点的花生，光花生成本都12元。"花生油开价14元/斤的商铺的老板告诉记者。若这些商家所言其销售的是100%的花生油，如此低廉的售价是否意味着那些花生油压榨作坊使用的可能会是廉价的劣质花生，又或者花生油中掺入了豆油等其他价格低廉的油种，甚至是地沟油以降低成本？

"Now good peanut all seven yuan a catty,One catty of peanuts probably out four two oil,One catty of peanuts glossy peanut cost more than 17 block.Our oil use is more than 5 yuan/catty/A small bit of peanuts,Light peanut cost all 12 yuan."Peanut oil price 14 yuan/jins of shops in the boss told reporters.If these merchants said its sales is 100% of peanut oil,Such a cheap price does that mean the peanut oil press workshop use may be cheap inferior peanuts,Or peanut oil in the incorporation of the soybean oil and other low price of oil,Even trench oil to reduce costs?

　　记者观察 禁售，才能终结散装油之乱？

Reporter observed banning,To put an end to the bulk oil confusion?

　　"广东粤西(包括湛江、阳江、茂名、肇庆)是散装花生油的重灾区，该市场一年食用油整体大约6万吨，其中各大品牌的包装油估计只有1万吨。可见散装油的销售有多大。"业内人士陈炳康(化名)向南都记者称。

"West guangdong(Including zhanjiang/yangjiang/maoming/zhaoqing)Is a major disaster area of peanut oil in bulk,The market a year cooking oil overall about 60000 tons,Which each big brand packaging oil is estimated to be 10000 tons.Visible bulk oil sales have how old."The personage inside course of study ChenBingKang(alias)To the SMW reporters said.

　　其实早在2011年7月，北京市工商局就曾向全市各大批发市场下发通知，禁止销售散装食用油并拆除油罐。此后包括昆明、青岛、乌鲁木齐等先后发文禁售散装油。

In fact as early as in July 2011,The Beijing bureau of industry and commerce has to the whole city each big wholesale market issued a notice,Banned the sale of bulk oil and dismantle tank.Since then, including kunming/Qingdao/Urumqi, etc has deemed banning oil in bulk.

　　在今年那波"地沟油"的严打行动中，广州市餐饮业已发起一波使用一次性包装用油的行动。不过，由于广州暂未禁售散装油，这令散装油使用的监管与控制已经迫在眉睫。此前业界已经有声音呼吁相关部门应积极开展对超市、集贸(肉菜)市场、食品批发市场，特别是散装花生油批发零售单位的监督检查，严控不合法来源花生油进入市场。同时督促经销单位在散装花生油容器、外包装上依法标明产品名称、生产日期、保质期、生产经营者名称和联系方式等内容，切实规范经营；对没有任何标识散装花生油责令下架停止销售。

In this year that wave"Trench oil"Analysis of the action,Guangzhou restaurant industry has launched a wave of the use of disposable packaging oil action.but,Because guangzhou temporary not banning oil in bulk,This makes bulk oil use of regulation and control is imminent.After the industry has a voice called on relevant departments shall actively carry out to the supermarket/trade(Meat dishes)market/Food wholesale market,Especially the bulk peanut oil wholesale and retail units of supervision and inspection,Tight control of illegal source peanut oil to enter the market.At the same time, supervise and urge distribution unit in bulk peanut oil container/According to law on the outer package indicate the product name/Production date/Shelf life/Production operators name and contact way, etc,Truly standardize business;Without any identification bulk peanut oil shall be ordered to stop selling off the shelves.