今天《人民网》一篇题为《中国制造被“群殴”全球40%贸易保护针对中国》的文章披露，美国和欧盟，是中国最大的两个贸易伙伴，今年不约而同地选择打出“贸易牌”作为提振就业、拯救经济的法宝，“中国制造”成为他们攻击的靶子。印度、巴西、阿根廷、土耳其等国近期也频频向中国制造“发难”。

today[we]An essay on[Made in China is"ou"40% of the world's trade protection in China]Article disclosure,The United States and the European Union,Is China's two largest trading partner,This happen to coincide to choose hit"Trade brand"As a boost employment/A magic weapon to save the economy,"Made in China"They become the target of attack.India/Brazil/Argentina/Countries such as Turkey recently also frequently to made in China"revolt".

　　资料显示，去年中国外贸出口额和进口额占世界货物出口和进口的比重分别为10.4%和9.5%，可据英国智库经济政策研究中心的“世界贸易预警”项目监测，2008年国际金融危机爆发以来，全球40%的贸易保护主义措施针对中国。

Data shows,Last year, Chinese foreign trade export and import of the goods export and import proportion were 10.4% and 9.5% respectively,But according to the British think-tank economic policy research center"The world trade early warning"Project monitoring,2008 years since the outbreak of the international financial crisis,40% of the world's protectionist measures in China.

　　为何会出现如此之大的反差？笔者以为是管理层不懂世界贸易规则所致。

Why will the so big contrast?The author thought is management don't understand the world trade caused by rules.

　　仅几年，欧美日等国多次就稀土贸易向世界贸易组织起诉中国，这应该是中国外贸管理机构十分丢脸的事情。因为2010年中国稀土仅占世界储备量的36.4%，却承担着全球90%以上的稀土供应。那些把稀土矿封存的国家，却起诉大量出口稀土的国家，大家一定会感觉不可思议。但实际上，人家起诉是有道理的，原因在于我们太蠢。

In only a few years,Countries such as Europe and the United States, many times is rare earth trade to the world trade organization (wto) against China,This should be China's foreign trade management mechanism is very embarrassing things.Because in 2010, China rare earth accounted for only 36.4% of the margin of the world,Is responsible for more than 90% of the world's supply of rare earth.The rare earth ore mothball countries,But Sue a large number of rare earth export country,Everyone will feel unimaginable.But in fact,The somebody else prosecution is reasonable,The reason is that we are too stupid.

　　多年来，中国一直贱价出口稀土，使原本占全球60%储量的稀土，在极短的时间内即降至36.4%。在有识之士的共同呼吁和舆论的强大压力下，有关部门不得不采取三条和WTO规则完全相悖的措施：一是提高稀土出口关税；二是提高稀土出口的最低价格；三是减少稀土的出口配额。

For many years,China has been rare earth for export,Make originally accounted for 60% of global reserves of rare earth,In a very short time is reduced from 36.4% to.People of insight in the common calls for the powerful and public opinion under pressure,The relevant departments have to take three and WTO rule was completely contrary measures:One is to improve the rare earth export tariffs;The second is to improve the rare earth export of the lowest price;Three is to reduce the rare earth export quotas.

　　其实，我们还有更好的办法，那就是以环境保护为名，大幅度提高稀土的资源税税率。笔者在“钓鱼岛撞船事件”发生后，曾写下《大幅度提高稀土的资源税税率，已迫在眉睫》，并托一位全国人大代表提交至2011年全国“两会”，随后国家将稀土资源税税率平均调高10倍以上。

In fact,We have better way,The environmental protection name,Improved of rare earth resources tax rate.The author in"Diaoyu islands a collision events"After the occurrence of,Had to write down[Improved of rare earth resources tax rate,Free to watch th],And Joe a deputy to the National People's Congress submitted to the 2011 national"lianghui",Then countries will rare earth resources tax rate average raised more than 10 times.

　　而据工信部原材料司统计，2011年1-10月，全国稀土累计出口配额稀土1.23万吨，同比下降63%，出口金额20.8亿美元，同比增长3倍多。而2011年稀土出口配额仍有剩余，也消除了中国限制稀土出口的口实。

And according to the work letter department raw materials department statistics,From jan. To oct. 2011,The national total rare earth export quotas rare earth 12300 tons,63% year-on-year drop,Export value of 2.08 billion dollars,Year-on-year growth of more than three times.And in 2011 rare earth export quotas still have the rest,Also eliminate the restriction of China rare earth export handle.

　　这是对需要限制的出口产品实施的有效贸易保护措施。那么，对一些低端产品出口政策的制定，我们也该首先找准病根，然后才能对症下药。

This is the need to limit exports the effective implementation of the trade protection measures.so,For some low-end products export policy formulation,We are the first to find must know the disease,And then you can suit the remedy to the case.

　　比如此次欧盟宣布将中国出口自行车及自行车零件征收的反倾销税延长至2016年，对从中国进口的瓷砖征收为期5年的惩罚性关税，最高税率为69.7%，以及拉美针对中国陶瓷行业发起的第二起反倾销调查，墨西哥就中国纺织品和服装补贴政策提起世贸组织争端解决机制下的磋商请求，无非因为中国出口的这些产品在欧盟和拉美卖得太便宜了。而之所以卖得特别便宜，中国的出口退税政策肯定起到了一定的作用。

Such as the European Union announced it will China's export bicycle and bicycle parts to the collection of anti-dumping duties extend to 2016,Imports from China to the ceramic tile of collection of five-year punitive tariffs,The highest rate is 69.7%,And Latin America for Chinese ceramic industry launched the second antidumping duty investigations,Mexico is China's textiles and clothing subsidy policy to the wto dispute settlement mechanism of the request for consultations,But because China's exports of these products in the European Union and Latin America sell too cheap.The reason and sell very dirt cheap,China's export drawback policy must play a role.

　　笔者虽然基于解决就业方面的考虑，也赞成出口退税政策，但却反对近乎全面开花的出口退税。

The author though based on solving the employment considerations,Also in favor of tax reimbursement for export policy,But against almost full flowering export tax rebate.

　　除了低端自行车和瓷砖之外，低端服装、鞋帽、玩具等制造业，中国的竞争力无疑都是世界上最强的，中国企业完全拥有定价权。但因为中国同类产品出口商过多，相互竞争激烈，加之出口退税政策的推波助澜，导致彼此大幅度杀价，最终受益的外国政府，却以商品价格过低为由起诉中国倾销，中国人是不是太冤枉？

In addition to the low end and ceramic tile bicycle outside,Downmarket line/Shoes and hats/Toys manufacturing,The competitiveness of China is undoubtedly the most powerful in the world,Chinese enterprises have pricing.But because China similar products exporters too much,Mutual competition,Together with the tax reimbursement for export policy adding fuel to the fire,Lead to each other greatly Jew,Eventually benefit from foreign governments,But with low commodity prices against China for dumping,Chinese is too wronged?

　　笔者以为，对类似并非和境外企业竞争，而仅仅是中国出口商之间相互竞争的出口产品，国家根本就不该退税。中国对这类以牺牲环境、牺牲资源为代价生产的出口产品实行退税政策，实际上是无厘头大量让利与境外，无疑是不懂世贸规则的结果。

The author thought,For similar not and outside the enterprise competition,But only a Chinese exporters to compete against each other export products,Countries should never have drawback.For this kind of China at the expense of the environment/Sacrifice resources for the production of export products cost to implement drawback policy,Is actually a lot of profit) with overseas,Is undoubtedly don't know the result of the wto rules.

　　那么，既然中国不懂得用世贸规则限制稀有产品的出口，也不懂得用税收政策防止国内出口企业恶性竞争，那中国制造被“群殴”，也就理所当然了。

so,Now that China does not know how to use the wto rules limit rare products export,Also don't know how to use tax policy to prevent domestic export enterprises malignant competition,It was made in China"ou",Will the course.

　　周蓬安

ZhouPengAn