2012年11月12日，人民币对美元即期汇率开盘不久即升破6.23关口，创自2005年汇改以来新高，人民币对美元中间价也再度升破6.3关口；11月13日，人民币对美元即期汇率开盘再触涨停价位6.2262，创自1994年汇改以来新高；11月14日，人民币对美元中间价报6.2881，较前一交易日上涨10个基点，创自今年5月9日以来新高。

On November 12, 2012,The spot exchange rate of the RMB against the us dollar opening soon break up at 6.23,And since 2005 since the exchange to new highs,The RMB against the us dollar middle rate also rise again broken 6.3 gates;November 13,The spot exchange rate of the RMB against the us dollar opening to touch harden price 6.2262,And since 1994 since the exchange to new highs;On November 14,The RMB against the us dollar middle rate to 6.2881,Compared with the previous trading day up 10 basis points,And since this year, on May 9, record high since.

　　虽然11月16日，人民币对美元即期汇价中止了此前连续13个交易日触及涨停的局面，收盘报于6.2356。但昨日10点40分左右，人民币对美元即期汇率再次触及涨停价位6.2345。

Although November 16,,At sight of the RMB against the us dollar exchange rate to suspend the previous 13 consecutive trading day touch harden situation,Closing to settle at 6.2356.But yesterday 10 point about 40 minutes,The spot exchange rate of the RMB against the us dollar again touch harden price 6.2345.

　　人民币持续升值，引发国内出口企业不安。尽管有专家分析称，从中期看，人民币汇率已接近均衡水平，继续升值空间有限。但有出口企业人士认为，就长期趋势看，人民币继续升值恐怕还是一个大方向。而一般来说，出口企业的正常汇率底线是6.2，一旦“破6”，将对企业造成较大打击。因此，处于人民币对美元不断升值、原材料涨价、劳动力成本增加、出口环境面临诸多变化的当下，采取多种“技术”方法规避汇率风险，是摆在国内出口企业面前的课题。

RMB continue to rise,Cause domestic export enterprises uneasiness.Despite the expert analysis says,In the medium term,The RMB exchange rate has been close to equilibrium level,Continue to rise space is limited.But there are export enterprise people think,For long-term trend to see,The yuan appreciation to continue its I'm afraid or a big.But generally speaking,Export enterprise's normal rate bottom line is 6.2,once"Broken 6",To the enterprise will cause bigger blow.therefore,In appreciation of the RMB against the us dollar constantly/Of the price hike in raw materials/Rising labor costs/Export environment faces many change the present,Take various"technology"Methods to avoid exchange rate risk,Is domestic export enterprises in the presence of subject.

　　灵活选择结算方式和时间

Flexible choice settlement way and time

　　目前，虽然人民币对美元在升值，但并不代表人民币对其他国家货币也会升值。因此，在对外贸易中，出口企业应尽量选择不同的货币进行跨国结算，以减轻人民币对美元升值的影响。同时，应灵活地选择适当的结算方式和时间，减少人民币升值带来的损失。

At present,Although the RMB against the us dollar in appreciation,But doesn't mean RMB currency to other countries will also rise.therefore,In foreign trade,The export enterprises should try to choose a different currency of international settlement,In order to reduce the influence of the appreciation of the RMB against the us dollar.At the same time,Should be flexible to choose the appropriate settlement way and time,To reduce the loss of the appreciation of RMB.

　　采用一篮子货币结算对于在全球各地结算的出国企业，美元贬值，人民币、欧元、日元等货币都可能升值，如果企业在国际贸易中采用一篮子货币结算，就能有效抵抗风险。如某出口企业在欧洲、美洲、东亚、中东、东南亚等市场都有贸易往来，采用欧元、美元、人民币等三种结算方式，比例分别是70%、20%、10%。美元贬值，欧元或人民币就相对升值，两相抵消，企业的损失就会减少。

Use a basket of currencies settlement in the world for the settlement of go abroad enterprise,dollar,RMB/euro/Currencies such as the yen could rise,If the enterprise in the international trade with a basket of currencies and settlement,It can effectively resist risk.As some export enterprises in Europe/America/East Asia/Middle East/Southeast Asia and other markets have trade,The euro/dollars/The yuan, three settlement way,Proportion is 70% respectively/20%/10%.dollar,The euro or RMB appreciation is relative,Two phase offset,Enterprise loss will be reduced.

　　使用“对冲”方法对需要在美元区采购的出口企业来说，鉴于人民币升值，而美元疲软，不妨通过“对冲”的方法来减轻美元下跌对企业业绩的影响，即收到美元的货款不必急于兑换成包括人民币在内的其他货币，而是用美元直接在美元区采购原材料，这样一来减少货币兑换的手续费，二来等于将美元贬值的潜在汇率损失成功转移了出去。

use"hedge"Methods used to be in the dollar area purchase for export enterprises,In view of the appreciation of the renminbi,The weak dollar and,Might as well through the"hedge"Methods to reduce the decline of the dollar to the enterprise achievement influence,Namely receive payment of $don't rush to change into other currencies, including the renminbi,But with the dollars directly in the dollar area purchase raw materials,So reduce the currency exchange commission,Secondly is equal to the dollar exchange rate will be the potential loss successfully transferred out.

　　选准兑换时间点对于资金周转相对宽松的出口企业，鉴于汇率时刻可能变动，建议选准兑换时间点，如某外贸企业经销的叉车业务遍及中国大陆和港澳台、韩日及东南亚，该企业与当地经销商结算时，一定是采用当地货币。哪怕当地货币低迷，企业只要持有不兑换，纵然有损失，也是账面上的。而一旦汇率达到或超过预期，马上就去兑换，这其实也是一种通过“高兑低持”来避免汇率损失的策略。

Choose the right exchange time point for capital turnover relatively loose export enterprise,In view of the exchange rate moment can change,Choose the right advice for time point,If a foreign trade enterprise distribution of forklift truck business in mainland China and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan/South Korea and southeast Asia,This enterprise and local dealers when settle accounts,Must be the local currency.Even if the local currency downturn,Enterprise as long as have not exchange,In spite of loss,Is the book.But once the exchange rate to achieve or exceed expectations,Immediately to exchange,It is also a kind of through"High against the low"To avoid exchange rate loss strategy.

　　用好现代金融工具

Make good use of modern financial instruments

　　随着人民币升值及新的汇率制度日益完善，越来越多出口企业前去银行咨询，希望借助金融工具来规避汇率风险，如远期合同、掉期保值、保理业务、远期结售汇、人民币对外汇期权交易等。若能灵活使用这些金融工具，可在一定程度上减少汇率变动对企业造成的影响。

Along with the appreciation of the RMB and the new exchange rate system is increasingly perfect,More and more export enterprise to a bank seeking advice,Hope that through financial tools to avoid exchange rate risk,If a forward contract/Hedge off/Factoring business/Forward writtens guarantee/The yuan to foreign exchange options trading, etc.If can flexible using of these financial instruments,In a certain extent, reduce the fluctuation of exchange rate on the impact of enterprise.

　　以远期结售汇为例，这是指出口企业与银行签订远期结售汇合同，约定将来办理结汇或售汇的人民币对外汇币种、金额、汇率及交割期限。在交割日当天，企业可按照远期结售汇合同所确定的币种、金额、汇率向银行办理结汇或售汇。如某出口企业预计，半年后将有一笔500万美元的收入。为规避人民币对美元继续升值带来的风险，企业和银行签订一笔美元对人民币6个月远期结汇交易，将汇率锁定在可以承受的范围内。这样，即使6个月内人民币再次升值，企业盈利也不会受到太大影响。

With forward writtens guarantee as an example,It is pointed out that port enterprise and bank signed forward writtens guarantee contract,Agreed future handling foreign exchange settlement and sale of foreign exchange or the RMB currency/amount/Exchange rate and delivery deadline.In the delivery day,The enterprise can according to the forward writtens guarantee contract certain currency/amount/Exchange rate to the bank for foreign exchange settlement and sale.If one is expected to export enterprise,After half a year there will be a pen an income of $5 million.The RMB against the us dollar for avoiding the risks of continue to rise,Enterprise and bank signed a dollar to RMB 6 months forward foreign exchange settlement transaction,Exchange rate will be locked in the may inherit range.this,Even six months RMB revalue again,Corporate profits will not be too big effect.

　　除了上述金融工具外，还有一些方式也能帮助出口企业规避或减少汇率变动带来的损失，如企业签定合同时，不妨附带订立汇率变动保值条款，即在汇率发生变动致使企业利润面临损失时，通过执行附加条款可保证企业的合理利润空间不受损失。

In addition to the above the financial instruments,There are some way can also help the export enterprises to avoid or reduce the loss of the fluctuation of exchange rate,When such as enterprise contract,Might as well incidental conclude a fluctuation in exchange credit terms,Namely in the exchange rate change the profit of enterprise face loss,By implementing additional clause can guarantee enterprise's reasonable profit space do not suffer loss.

　　又如，企业可以要求在收款时采用人民币或其他强势货币结算，或者合同一经订立，就在外汇市场上买入相应外汇的看跌期权，约定可以在未来的收款期以商定的价格把美元转换成其他货币如人民币。

And as,Enterprise may require in the receipt in RMB or other strong currency settlement,Or once the contract is concluded,In the foreign exchange market to buy the corresponding foreign exchange put option,Convention can in the future collection period to the agreed price my dollars into other currencies such as the RMB.

　　或在合同订立后，企业在外汇市场卖出外汇期货，约定期货的成交日期正好是预期收到外汇付款的日期。这样，就避免了人民币升值给企业带来的损失。

Or in the contract has been concluded,Enterprises in the foreign exchange market sell futures exchange,Contract futures transaction date was expected to receive foreign exchange payment date.this,Will avoid the appreciation of the RMB that brings loss to the enterprise.

　　此外，利用出口贴现、打包贷款、出口押汇、出口信用保险项下押汇等融资方式，企业能很快得到外币贷款并立即结汇，既满足出口收款与收汇期间的资金要求，又规避了汇率风险。

In addition,Use export discount/Packing credit/Bill purchased/Export credit insurance captioned documentary financing ways, etc,Enterprise can quickly get foreign currency loan and immediate settlement of exchange,Not only satisfy export receipts and in the period of capital requirement,And avoid the exchange rate risk.