10月8日，美国国会众议院情报委员会发表调查报告称，中国华为和中兴公司对美国国家安全构成威胁，建议阻止两家企业在美开展投资贸易活动。10月17日，据路透社报道，一项由美国白宫委托、历时18个月的调查指出，没有证据显示华为公司在美国从事任何间谍活动。尽管如此，报告仍声称华为产品未来可能对美国国家安全构成威胁。

October 8,The U.S. house of representatives intelligence committee published report said,China's huawei and zte to U.S. national security threat,Suggestions to prevent two companies in the United States in investment and trade activities.On October 17,Boston (Reuters) -,A study by the entrusted the White House/Spent 18 months of survey points out,There is no evidence that huawei company in the United States to engage in any espionage.Even so,The report still says huawei products possible future to U.S. national security threat.

　　“如果说‘可能’，所有的联网信息产品都存在威胁他国国家安全的可能。如果按照美国的逻辑，那么运行在网络环境上的信息系统与设备就无法跨国销售了。仅仅因为一个可能性就坚持质疑华为、中兴危害国家安全，我觉得这是在用政治手段干预经济贸易。”北京邮电大学校长、中国工程院院士方滨兴说。

"if‘may’,All the networking information products in other national security threat may be.If America's logic,So run in network environment on the information system and equipment cannot be multinational sold.Just because a possibility will adhere to the question huawei/Zte endangering state security,I think it is in with gero economic and trade."Beijing university of posts and telecommunications the headmaster/Chinese academy of engineering FangBin xing said.

　　美国18个月调查没有任何发现，说明华为没留“后门”

The United States 18 months investigation did not find any,Shows huawei did not leave"Back door"

　　美国怀疑华为、中兴危害国家安全，是质疑两家企业生产的电信设备可能预装了“后门”，用以盗取用户信息。“不管是从技术上还是经济上考虑，华为、中兴都不大可能故意设置‘后门’。”方滨兴说。

The United States suspects huawei/Zte endangering state security,Is questioned two enterprises producing telecom devices may be installed the"Back door",To steal the user information."No matter from technical and economic considerations,huawei/Zte are unlikely to be deliberately set‘Back door’."FangBin xing said.

　　一般来说，只要是连在网络上的设备，包括计算机、服务器、路由器等网络上运行的设备，如果留有远程控制接口，就可以与外部进行连接，由外部控制者通过网络来获取设备中的信息。在实际使用过程中，远程控制接口十分常见。比如微软操作系统的自动更新功能就是其一。但如果远程控制接口是设计者秘密设置的，用户并不知情，那就是“后门”行为。

Generally speaking,As long as it is even on the network equipment,Including computer/server/Routers on the network operation of the equipment,If left remote control interface,Can and external connection,By external controller through the network to access the information in the equipment.In the actual use process,Remote control interface is very common.Such as Microsoft operating system automatic update feature is one.But if remote control interface is the designer secret Settings,The user does not know,That is"Back door"behavior.

　　“尽管留‘后门’的技术并不难，但要想让‘后门’不为人知，是不太可能的。”方滨兴分析，从技术上讲，“后门”是可以检测出来的，而美国历经18个月调查都没有任何发现，只能说明华为没有留“后门”。

"Although leave‘Back door’Technology is not difficult,But to let‘Back door’unknown,Is unlikely."FangBin xing analysis,technically,"Back door"Can be detected,While the United States after 18 months investigation had failed to find any,It only means that huawei did not take"Back door".

　　“而且，留‘后门’就是为了偷东西，不然‘后门’有也等于没有。即使‘后门’事先没有被发现，一旦启用‘后门’，只要采取了相应的监控手段，也能够被抓个现行。这将大大影响企业声誉。比如上世纪英特尔公司就因为被发现在CPU上留了序列号这样的‘后门’，而被其他公司趁机挤占了市场。”方滨兴说，“从经济上讲，留‘后门’显然得不偿失，企业怎么会有动力这样做？”

"and,leave‘Back door’Is to steal,otherwise‘Back door’There are also is not.Even if‘Back door’No prior was found,Once opened‘Back door’,As long as take the corresponding monitoring means,Can also be catch a current.This will greatly influence enterprise reputation.For example the last century Intel company just because was found on the CPU serial number that left‘Back door’,And by other company took the opportunity to occupy the market."FangBin xing said,"Economically speaking,leave‘Back door’Obviously the loss outweights the gain,Enterprise how can have the power to do so?"

　　“而且，调查一个产品是否有‘后门’，正常的做法是要求其提供源代码，或在其产品运行环境中部署监测取证的措施。而美国国会则是要求华为、中兴提供和政府交往的证据。企业和政府的正常来往，不可能提前想到留证据。无法提供证据就是‘没有诚意’，未免有欲加之罪的意思。”方滨兴说，“因此我认为，美国是无端质疑华为、中兴产品安全性，用政治手段干预经济贸易。华为、中兴这两年成长比较快，已经成为美国思科公司的强劲竞争对手。‘后门’之说的本质是人为设置贸易壁垒，这对高调倡导自由贸易的美国来说是一个讽刺。”

"and,Investigating a product if there is‘Back door’,The normal way is to ask them to provide source code,Or in its product operation environment monitoring measures of deployment of evidence.And America's congress is requirements huawei/Zte provides evidence of communication and the government.The enterprise and the government's normal dealings,Can't leave early thought of evidence.Is unable to provide evidence‘No sincerity’,It has a meaning."FangBin xing said,"So I think,The United States is endless question huawei/Zte product safety,With gero economic and trade.huawei/Zte this two years to grow faster,Has become the United States cisco strong competitors.‘Back door’That is the essence of the human set up trade barriers,The high-profile advocate free trade of American is a satire."

　　美国公司产品“后门”频现，我国需尽快建立信息安全审查机构

The American company products"Back door"Frequency is,Our country should be established as soon as possible information security censorship

　　在方滨兴看来，美国对华为、中兴的指控，背后是以己度人的逻辑。

In FangBin xing looks,The United States to China/Zte charges,His motivation is behind the logic.

　　“历史上几个经典的‘后门’行为，都发生在美国公司身上。”方滨兴说，“据报道，美国惠普公司有一款网络打印机，能在打印者不知情的情况下，将打印过的文件复制下来通过网络发送出去。现在我国普遍使用的微软公司OFFICE软件，也存在明显的‘后门’。Rixler软件公司在网上正在出售破解OFFICE软件密码的程序。而分析该公司破解文档‘open’密码的方式可以发现，他们并不是按照常规的暴力破解方式获知密码，而是将密码旁路掉，使得文档成为没有密码的文档。这就好比他们不是把密码柜的密码给猜测出来，而是直接把带有密码的柜门给卸了下来。显然，只有OFFICE留了旁路文档密码的‘后门’，才会有这样的结果存在。”

"History of several classic‘Back door’behavior,All happened in the United States on the company."FangBin xing said,"According to the report,The United States hewlett-packard company is a network printer,In the print without the knowledge of the,Will print the document copying down through the network to send out.Now the commonly used Microsoft OFFICE software,There are also obvious‘Back door’.Rixler software company is selling online password cracking OFFICE software program.And analysis of the company cracked document‘OPEN’Password way can be found,They are not in accordance with the conventional brute force way learn password,But will the password bypass off,Make document become no password documents.It's like they are not the password ark of the code to guess,But the directly with password cupboard door to handed down.obviously,Only OFFICE left bypass document password‘Back door’,Just can have such result exists."

　　而中国消费者最熟悉的一次“后门”事件，则是微软Windows将盗版软件黑屏的事件。2008年10月，微软称其为了打击盗版，通过系统升级强制安装鉴别软件，并每隔60分钟将“盗版系统”桌面强制修改为黑屏。也就是说，虽然微软告知用户在下载更新，但是多数用户并不知道下载来的更新软件到底是用来做什么的。如果微软有意欺瞒，我们也可能在系统升级时下载安装泄露个人信息的软件。这充分暴露出我国信息安全存在风险。

While China consumer is the most familiar one"Back door"events,Is Microsoft Windows will pirated software blank screen event.In October 2008,Microsoft says its in order to crack down on piracy,Through the system upgrades forced installation identification software,And every 60 minutes will be"Piracy system"Desktop forced modification for blank screen.That is,Although Microsoft told the user download the update,But most users do not know download to update the software is used to do what.If Microsoft intentionally beguilement,We may also in the system when upgrade to download and install a leak personal information software.This fully exposed China's information security risk.

　　“此次美国质疑华为、中兴留‘后门’，从另一个角度也启发了我们：关注信息安全，应该从审查境外信息产品入手。境外企业不受我国法律制约，我们必须防患于未然。”方滨兴建议，中国政府应尽快成立国家信息安全审查委员会，以保障中国国家和公民的信息安全不因信息技术产品的引入而受到威胁。

"The United States questioned huawei/Zte leave‘Back door’,From another Angle also inspire us:Pay attention to information security,Should from the review of overseas information products.Foreign enterprises are not influenced by our country in law,We must nip in the bud."FangBin xing suggested,The Chinese government should be established as soon as possible of national information safety review committee,In order to ensure China's national and civil information security not by the information technology products and the introduction of threatened.

　　方滨兴说，中国在电信设施建设方面展示了足够开放的姿态，但是另一方面也显得缺乏清晰的安全意识与防范措施。中国现在仅有的一些测评中心，只能测评信息安全产品本身的适用性，不能测评网络产品所引发的安全性。更重要的是，在一些大的方面，比如对一些产品在重要部门中使用、或在我国大规模使用，也需要一个机构来牵头进行风险评估。

FangBin xing said,China in the telecommunications facilities construction showed enough OPEN stance,But on the other hand also appears the lack of clear safety consciousness and the preventive measures.China is now the only some evaluation center,Only evaluation information security the applicability of the product itself,Can't evaluation caused by network product safety.More important is,In some aspects,For instance, in some products in the important use in department/Or in our country large-scale use,Also need an agency to lead to the risk evaluation.