中国粮食进口量激增 归纳三个主要因素

Chinese food imports surge Summed up the three main factors

　　去年我国粮食进口量激增，有报道称，2012年1—11月进口量是2011年同期的3倍，包括大豆、玉米、大米等粮食的净进口量也是不断激增。对此，沈丹阳表示，去年中国粮食进口增加了，这是客观事实。但是，因为中国粮食进口量增加就说是中国粮食威胁论，或者说因为这样中国粮食不安全，是缺乏依据的。

Last year, China's grain imports surge,Reports say,2012 1 - November imports is three times as much as the same period in 2011,Including soybean/corn/Rice and other food net imports is also constantly surge.this,ShenDanYang said,Last year, Chinese food imports increased,This is an objective fact.but,Because the Chinese food imports increase will say Chinese food threat,Or because of this China food safety,Is the lack of the basis.

　　据分析，粮食进口比较快的原因主要有三个：

According to the analysis,Imported food faster the reason mainly has three:

　　国内外市场的价差增大，企业进口意愿增强 去年3、4月份以来，国际粮食的市场价格开始下跌。因此去年前11个月，企业大量进口粮食，同时进口粮食的价格是比较低的，比如进口小麦，平均每吨是299.3美元，下降了9.4%;玉米平均每吨价格比上年同比下降3.2%，这是实际进口价;大米进口均价同比下降得更厉害，下降了26.5%。这是一个原因，即价格比较低，企业有意愿来进口。

The domestic and international market price increase,Enterprise import will increase Last year 3/Since April,The international grain market prices began to fall.So the first 11 months of last year,Enterprise in the importation of large quantity of food,At the same time to import food prices are low,Such as import wheat,Average is $299.3 per ton,Dropped by 9.4%;Corn was an average price per ton last year fell 3.2% year-on-year,This is the actual imports;Rice import average year-on-year drop more severe,Dropped by 26.5%.This is one reason,The price is relatively low,Enterprises intend to import.

　　企业增长饲料用粮的库存 特别是玉米，国内玉米供求偏紧，库存有限，企业增加在国际市场上的玉米采购量主要用于补充库存。

Enterprise growth feed USES inventory Especially corn,The domestic supply and demand of corn partial tight,Stock co., LTD.,,Enterprises to increase in the international market corn purchase quantity is mainly used to replenish stock.

　　基数原因 2011年同期，中国小麦、玉米和大米进口的基数相对非常低，只有103万吨、118万吨和51万吨。

Base reason The same period in 2011,China's wheat/Corn and rice import base relative is very low,Only 1.03 million tons/1.18 million tons and 510000 tons.

　　粮食进口的快速增长，从以上三个因素来分析，总体上看是企业经营和市场需求的正常反映。

The rapid growth of imported food,From the above three factors to analysis,The overall perspective is the enterprise management and market demand of normal reflect.

　　根据加入世贸组织的承诺，我国对小麦、玉米和大米现采取关税配额管理。去年1—11月份，小麦、玉米和大米总体进口关税配额完成不到50%。

According to the commitment of the accession to the world trade organization,Our country to wheat/Corn and rice now take tariff quota management.1 - November last year,wheat/Corn and rice import tariff quotas of overall finish less than 50%.

　　沈丹阳表示，关税配额量是根据安全性和国际市场影响的因素来确定的，而2012年在进口增长这么快的情况下完成还不到50%，2011年就更低了。所以这些数据相比较国内粮食生产消费以及我国加入世贸组织承诺的年度进口关税配额总量而言，整体进口规模显然是在合理范围内的。

ShenDanYang said,Tariff quota amount is according to the safety and international market factors to determine,And in 2012, the import growth so quickly complete less than 50%,2011 is lower.So these data compared to domestic food production, consumption, and China's accession to the wto commitment annual import tariff quotas for the total amount,The overall scale of import is obviously in the reasonable scope of.