尽管美国宣称倡导自由贸易，但近来却打着“国家安全”的旗号，行贸易保护主义之实。今年以来，美国对华贸易保护主义呈升温之势，迄今已对华发起一起反倾销调查、一起反补贴调查和四起“337调查”，作出一项反倾销日落复审的肯定性裁定，两项“双反”调查的肯定性终裁。

尽管美国宣称倡导自由trade,But in recently"The national security"The name of,Reality of the trade protectionism.Since the beginning of this year,America's China showed the trend of rising trade protectionism,Has launched an anti-dumping investigation together with China/And four countervailing investigation together"337 survey",Make an affirmative ruling anti-dumping sunset review,two"Double inverse"Investigation of positive final.

　　涉及产品种类繁多，包括不锈钢水槽、应用级风塔、钢丝产品、手机电子设备产品、冰冻温水虾等。其中一个值得关注的迹象是，美国对华贸易保护的打击对象已从此前的劳动密集型产业扩展到了新能源和高科技产业。例如，去年美国对中国产的晶体硅光伏电池、应用级风塔发起“双反”调查，今年对华发起的四起“337调查”中有三项涉及手机电子产品。

涉及产品种类繁多,Including the stainless steel water trough/Application level wind towers/Steel wire products/手机electronic设备产品/Frozen warmwater shrimp and so on.Is one of the notable signs,The United States the target of trade protection has been extended from labor-intensive industries to new and high-tech industries.Such as the,The United States last year to crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells made in China/Application level wind towers"Double inverse"survey,China has launched this year"337 survey"中有三项涉及手机electronic产品.

　　除这些传统的贸易救济措施外，今年以来美国对华贸易保护措施还出现了两大新趋势，一是以威胁国家安全为由阻止某些中国产品进入美国市场或阻止中国企业在美投资；二是在知识产权保护方面加大敲打中国的力度。

除这些传统的trade救济措施外,Since the beginning of this year美国对华trade保护措施还出现了两大新趋势,Is a threat to national security grounds to prevent certain Chinese products to enter the United States market or prevent Chinese enterprises investment in the United States;2 it is in increasing tapping China's intellectual property rights protection.

　　今年3月，美国总统奥巴马签署一项政府支出法案，其中就包括限制联邦政府机构购买中国信息技术产品的条款。法案要求在未获得美国联邦调查局（ＦＢＩ）或其他执法机构事前批准的情况下，美国国家航空航天局（ＮＡＳＡ）、司法部、商务部和国家科学基金会（ＮＳＦ）禁止购买中国政府拥有、管理或资助的企业所生产、制造或组装的信息技术设备。

今年3月,U.S. President barack Obama signed a law to government spending,Including restrictions on the federal government to buy Chinese products the terms of the information technology.Required for the federal bureau of investigation(The FBI)Prior approval or other law enforcement agencies,The national aeronautics and space administration(NASA)/The justice department/The ministry of commerce and the national science foundation(NSF)Barred from buying with the Chinese government/Enterprise production management or finance/Information technology equipment manufactured or assembled.

　　最近，美国监管机构在审批日本软银公司收购美国斯普林特公司的交易时，也要求收购完成后，斯普林特公司的通信网络不得使用华为公司的产品，这一附加条件已超出了普通审查的范围。据美国《华尔街日报》报道，出于对中国企业的不信任，美国官员已决定采取措施确保中国产品不会成为美国电信基础设施的关键部分。

最近,U.S. regulators in Japan's softbank when buying American sprint deal for the corporation,也要求收购完成after,Huawei shall be used for sprint communications network products,This additional condition is beyond the scope of regular review.According to the U.S.[The Wall Street journal]reports,Out of mistrust of the Chinese enterprises,U.S. officials have decided to take measures to ensure that the product will not become a key part of the telecommunications infrastructure in the United States.

　　今年以来，美国政府在知识产权保护方面明显加大了敲打中国的力度。

Since the beginning of this year,The U.S. government in the protection of intellectual property rights we intensified the efforts on tapping China's apparently.

　　一方面，美国已加大了使用“337调查”的频率，以保护美国企业的知识产权。作为通过专利和知识产权“门槛”设置的一项贸易壁垒，一旦涉案企业被裁定违反337条款，涉案产品将失去在美国市场的销售资格。另一方面，美国频繁炒作网络安全，为出台更加综合全面的措施保护美国知识产权造势。

一方面,The United States has increased the use"337 survey"The frequency of the,In order to protect the intellectual property of U.S. companies.As through patents and intellectual property rights"threshold"Set a trade barrier,Once the enterprises involved was found guilty of violation of section 337,Product will lose the qualification of sales in the us market.On the other hand,The frequent hype network security,For a more comprehensive measures to protect the intellectual property rights.

　　美国白宫今年2月发布“减少美国商业机密盗窃战略”报告，表示将从外交、贸易、立法、执法、公众等多个方面保护美国企业的商业机密、知识产权和创新优势。而报告中列举的盗窃美国商业机密的案例大部分均指向中国，暗示中国将是美国今后防范和打击窃取商业机密行为的重点对象。

美国白宫今年2月发布"Reduce the American trade secret theft strategy"The report,Said it would from diplomacy/trade/legislation/Enforcement of the law/Multiple aspects, such as to protect the American public enterprise's commercial secrets/Intellectual property rights and innovation advantage.And listed in the report of stealing commercial secrets case most of the United States are pointing in the direction of China,暗示中国将是美国今after防范和打击窃取商业机密行为的重点对象.

　　美国贸易代表办公室5月1日发布2013年“特别301报告”，将中国列为重点观察名单，再次敦促中国“停止盗窃美国商业机密”的行为。美国众议员桑德·莱文和查尔斯·兰热尔此前曾建议将中国列为“重点国家”。按照美方程序，一旦“特别301报告”将一国列为重点国家后，美国贸易代表办公室将在30天内启动“特别301”调查，迫使该国政府检讨和调整其政策，否则美国将采取贸易报复措施予以制裁。

美国trade代表办公室5月1日发布2013年"Special 301 report",China as a priority watch list,Once again urged China"Stop stealing American trade secrets"The behavior of the.U.S. rep. sander levin and Charles rangel has previously suggested that China as a substitute"Priority countries".According to the program,As soon as"Special 301 report"将一国列为Priority countriesafter,The U.S. trade representative's office will start within 30 days"Special 301"survey,Forced the government to review and adjust its policy,Otherwise, the United States will take sanctions trade retaliation measures.

　　这些迹象都表明美国政府将在知识产权保护问题上对中国采取更加强硬的态度，是否会借此出台更多贸易保护措施还有待观察。

这些迹象都表明美国政府将在知识产权保护问题上对中国采取更加强硬的态度,Will take this further protectionist measures remains to be seen.