外需减弱、成本上升和进口存在的结构性制约导致今年以来我国外贸呈现低速增长。不过，外贸的短暂低迷并非是件坏事，特别是在世界经济的调整期，低速的稳定增长反而能对中国外贸形成“自动防护”，利于企业把握市场发展方向，正确规划投资和生产，促进更加均衡、更富效率、更具活力的对外贸易发展格局尽快形成。

Weakened economy、The rise in the cost and import existing structural constraints in China's foreign trade show this year low growth。but，The brief downturn in foreign trade is not a bad thing，Especially in the world economic setting，The stable growth of low speed instead of China's foreign trade can form“Automatic protection”，To grasp the market enterprise development direction，Correct planning investment and production，Promote more balanced、More effective、More energetic foreign trade development pattern formation as soon as possible。

　　在世界经济的调整期，低速增长反而是中国对外贸易的一种“自动防护”。

In the world of economic adjustment period，Low growth instead is a kind of China's foreign trade“Automatic protection”。

　　三因素造就中国外贸低速增长

Three factors in China's foreign trade has low growth

　　海关总署公布的数据显示，今年6月，我国进出口、出口及进口总额分别增长9%、11.3%和6.3%，较5月分别减少了5.1、4及6.4个百分点 .1~6月，我国外贸进出口、出口及进口总额分别增长8%、9.2%及6.7%，波澜不惊的增幅显示中国外贸在2012年会保持一个“低速增长，小幅波动”的态势。分析来看，形成当前中国外贸低速增长格局有三大主因：

The general administration of customs figures show，In June this year，China import and export、Export and import volume growth of 9%, respectively、11.3% and 6.3%，More may are reduced to 5.1、4 and 6.4% . 1 ~ 6 months，Our country foreign trade import and export、Export and import volume growth of 8%, respectively、9.2% and 6.7%，With the growth of China's foreign trade show popped in 2012 to keep a“Low growth，Small-scope fluctuation”situation。Analysis to see，Form the current low growth pattern of China's foreign trade has three major reason：

　　一是外需减弱。我国主要贸易伙伴美国、欧盟、日本陷入增长困境，扩大再生产及消费皆受到一定程度的抑制，对中国产品的市场需求明显减少。2012年1~6月，我国对美国、欧盟和日本的出口分别增长了13.6%、-0.8%和8.1%，分别较上年同期降低了3.3、17.9和15.6个百分点。欧美日传统市场在我国出口中所占比重为42.1%，对三大市场出口的不振成为我国外贸呈现低速增长的最主要原因。

A foreign demand is weakened。Our country main trading partners to the United States、The European Union、Japan into growth trouble，Expand production and consumption are by certain degree inhibition，Chinese products to the market demand for significantly less。2012 1 ~ 6 months，Our country to the United States、The European Union and Japan's export growth of 13.6% respectively、-0.8% and 8.1%，Year-on-year reduced respectively 3.3、17.9 and 15.6%。Traditional market in China, the U.S. and Japan in the export, at 42.1%，On the three market of our country foreign trade export slump become on the major causes of low growth。

　　二是国内成本上升导致外商投资和加工贸易减少。我国对外贸易的50%为外商投资企业贡献。2012年上半年，我国外商投资新设立企业总数同比下降13%左右，外资增量不足直接影响了我国进出口贸易的增长。此外，加工贸易进出口总值仅增长4.3%，占同期我国进出口总值的35%，比重减少1.2个百分点，加工贸易对进出口贡献持续减小。

Second is the rise in the cost of domestic to foreign investment and reduce the processing trade。China's foreign trade and 50% of the foreign investment enterprise contribution。In the first half of 2012，Foreign investment in China is a new enterprise total 13% year-on-year drop，Foreign investment in China directly affect the incremental shortage of import and export trade growth。In addition，Processing trade import and export value rose by only 4.3%，China accounts for 35% of the total import and export the same period，The proportion of reduced by 1.2%，To import and export processing trade for reduced contributions。

　　三是进口存在结构性制约。尽管我国采取了积极扩大进口战略，但近几个月，进口持续低迷。究其原因，一方面是我国内部需求不振，企业投资信心不足；另一方面则是我国正处于提高科技研发和创新水平的关键时期，但目前美欧日皆对我国设立了出口管制，导致我国有着大量需求的高新技术产品进口难以得到满足，2012年上半年，我国高新技术产品进口仅增长2.3%，这与我国作为工业化中期国家的发展实际是极不相符的。

3 it is import existent structural constraints。Although our country take a positive expand imports strategy，But in recent months，Import remain low。Investigate its reason，On the one hand is our country's internal demand dynamics，Enterprise investment lack of confidence；On the other hand, is our country is in the improve science and technology research and development and the key period of innovation level，But at present, the us and Europe are set up to our country export control，Our country has a large demand in the new and high technology products import is difficult to meet，In the first half of 2012，The country's hi-tech product imports rose by only 2.3%，This and our country industrialization medium term as the development of the country is very practical in compliance。

　　低速增长实为“自动防护”

Low growth actually“Automatic protection”

　　不过，在世界经济的调整期，低速增长反而是中国对外贸易的一种“自动防护”。从经济学理论来看，低速稳定型增长比高速波动型增长对经济发展更为有利。稳定增长有利于企业把握市场发展方向，正确规划投资和生产，避免经营风险，而波动型增长则不利于企业制定发展战略，从而影响企业投资和布局。

but，In the world of economic adjustment period，Low growth instead is a kind of China's foreign trade“Automatic protection”。From economic theory and see，Low speed stability type growth than high speed fluctuation type growth is more favorable to the development of economy。To grasp the stable growth enterprise market development direction，Correct planning investment and production，Avoid business risk，And wave type growth is against enterprise develop strategy，Thus influence enterprise investment and layout。

　　另外，在我国外贸低速增长中，其实还有一些亮点值得重视。一是标志我国自主创新水平的一般贸易占比继续提高，2012年上半年，一般贸易占我国外贸总值的53%，较去年同期提升了0.4个百分点；二是新兴市场占我国对外贸易的比重继续提高，2012年上半年提高了1.1个百分点，我国对俄罗斯 、巴西、南非的进出口分别增长了21.7%、11.8%和36.5%；三是中西部地区出口增势强劲，今年上半年，重庆、河南、四川和江西等中西部省市的出口增速分别为250%、91.6%、74.7%和54.1%，明显高于同期我国出口总体增速。

In addition，In our country foreign trade in the low growth，There are actually some window worth paying attention to。Our country is a symbol of the independent innovation level of general trade than continue to improve，In the first half of 2012，General trade accounts for 53% of the value of China's foreign trade，0.4% increase from the same period last year；2 it is emerging market accounts for the proportion of China's foreign trade continues to improve，In the first half of 2012 increased by 1.1%，Our country to Russia 、Brazil、South Africa's import and export growth of 21.7% respectively、11.8% and 36.5%；Three is booming exports in the Midwest，In the first half of this year，chongqing、henan、Sichuan and jiangxi provinces and cities in the Midwest are 250% export growth、91.6%、74.7% and 54.1%，Obviously higher than the same period of our country export growth overall。

　　海关总署指出上半年我国对外贸易的几大特点，即进出口温和反弹、贸易方式持续改善、贸易伙伴趋向多元化、贸易主体格局更加合理、出口商品结构有所优化、进口商品结构良性变动、贸易价格条件有所好转。这几大特点也可以推导出一个重要的结论，即中国外贸进入调整转型期。其调整方向就是形成更加均衡、更富效率、更具活力的中国对外贸易发展格局。

The general administration of customs points out that China's foreign trade in the first half of a few big characteristics，That is the import and export mild rebound、Trade way continuous improvement、Trade partner more diverse、Trade main body structure more reasonable、Export commodity structure optimizes、Import commodity structure benign change、Trade price conditions had improved。This a few big characteristic also can deduce that an important conclusion，The China foreign trade adjustment into the social transformation。The adjustment is to build a more balanced direction、More effective、More energetic China foreign trade development pattern。

　　从世界经济发展的特点来看，此轮经济危机暴露了发达国家经济制度本身存在的问题，需经过调整才能实现再振兴。但调整不是短期内可以做到的，需要一个过程和周期，因此，短期内外需减弱仍是中国外贸的主要挑战。其实，发达国家的调整期，也是我国的战略机遇期，明智的中国外贸发展战略应该顺应市场规律，在市场调整期，要避免在数据变化上做文章，以长远的眼光来谋划当前的对外贸易发展战略，集聚发展的内生动力，推进对外贸易结构的调整和转型。尤其在三个方面要尽可能实现突破：一是将对数据和数量的考核转向对质量和能力的考核；二是制定与建设创新型国家相适应的进口战略；三是形成贸易与产业相协调、政府服务与市场调控相结合的对外贸易发展新战略。要凝聚共识，增强信心，通过政府和企业的共同努力，提升中国对外贸易的质量和水平，形成中国对外贸易的竞争新优势。

From the characteristics of the economic development of the world to see，This round of economic crisis exposed the developed countries economic system itself, the existing problems，Adjustment to realize the need to pass to revive。But adjustment is not the short term can do it，Need a process and cycle，so，Short-term inside and outside to abate is still the main challenge of China's foreign trade。In fact，The developed countries of the setting，China is the period of strategic opportunities，China's foreign trade development strategy of the wise should conform to the rules of the market，In the market adjustment period，To avoid the data change fuss，A long view to plan the current foreign trade development strategy，Cluster development of endogenous power，Promote foreign trade structure adjustment and transformation。Especially in three aspects as far as possible to achieve breakthrough：One is to put the number of data and the assessment of the quality and ability to review；2 it is formulated and building the innovative country adaptation of the import strategy；Three is to form a trade and industry in coordination、The government service market regulation and the combination of foreign trade development new strategy。To build consensus，confidence，Through the joint efforts of the government and the enterprises，China's foreign trade promotion of quality and level，Form of Chinese foreign trade new competition advantage。