记者近日从农业部农药鉴定所获悉，尽管制定农药残留标准的主要目的是确保食品安全，但现在各国越来越将农药残留作为农产品国际贸易的技术壁垒。农药残留标准不仅仅根据安全风险评估结果来制定，也综合考虑产业发展、国际贸易等各方面因素。

Recently, reporters from the department of agriculture pesticide that identification，Although make pesticide residues of the main purpose is to ensure that the standard of food safety，But now more and more countries will pesticide residues of international trade of agricultural products as technical barriers。Pesticide residue standard not only according to safety risk assessment results to make，Also comprehensive consideration of the industry development、International trade of various factors。

　　通常来讲，国际上利用农残标准制定贸易壁垒的情况有两个：一是对于本国不生产不使用的农药，往往制定最严格的标准，而本国使用的农药特别是在出口农产品上使用的农药，残留标准在安全范围内尽可能松。如美国、欧盟和日本对本国没有登记使用的农药按照一律限量标准（即0.01—0.05mg/kg）执行，而这个浓度许多发展中国家的仪器都难以检测。但是，对在本国登记使用的农药，即使农药毒性高，其标准却比较宽松。如美国规定高毒农药甲胺磷在芹菜上的标准为1mg/kg、花椰菜上为0.5mg/kg，日本规定芹菜上为5mg/kg、花椰菜上为1mg/kg。 二是本国没有或主要依靠进口的作物标准严。如氯虫苯甲酰胺是新杀虫剂，欧盟在葡萄上的标准为1mg/kg，而在大米等粮谷上却为0.01mg/kg，茶叶上为0.02mg/kg，按理葡萄可鲜食，标准应该更高，但葡萄是欧洲的优势作物，因此制定的标准松。

Generally speaking，The international use of farming incomplete standards trade barriers has two：One for the domestic production does not use of pesticides，Often the most stringent standards，And its use of pesticides especially in agricultural exports of pesticide use，Residues in safety standards within the scope of loose as far as possible。Such as the United States、The European Union and Japan for their use of pesticides without registration in accordance with the standards are limited（0.01-0.05 mg/kg）execution，And this concentration in many developing countries are hard to test instrument。but，In their registration to the use of pesticides，Even if pesticides high toxicity，The standard is more comfortable。If the United States high toxic pesticide methamidophos provisions in the standard for 1 celery mg/kg、Cauliflower is 0.5 mg/kg，Japan provisions for 5 mg celery/kg、Cauliflower is 1 mg/kg。 2 it is not their main rely on imports of the crops or standard strict。Such as chlorine insect benjia products was new pesticides，The European Union in the standard for 1 grapes mg/kg，And in rice grain but on 0.01 mg/kg，Tea is 0.02 mg/kg，Normally grape fresh food，Standards should be higher，But the advantages of grape is European crops，So the standard set loose。

　　就算同一作物，各国标准也不同，如安全性不很高的杀菌剂克菌丹在稻谷中的残留标准，日本是5mg/kg、欧盟为0.02mg/kg，相差几百倍。为了协调和统一残留标准，国际食品法典委员会负责制定农药残留国际标准，我国是国际食品法典农药残留标准委员会的主席国，因此，我国农药残留标准尽可能与国际食品法典标准（而不是欧美日标准）接轨，有的标准比发达国家低，但有的标准比发达国家高。

Even if the same crop，National standards are different，Such as security not high microbicides g bacteria in the residue Dan rice standards，Japan is 5 mg/kg、The European Union is 0.02 mg/kg，Differ hundreds of times。In order to coordinate and uniform residue standards，International food codex alimentarius commission is responsible for formulating pesticide residue international standards，Our country is international food code pesticide residue standards committee's presidency，so，Our country pesticide residue with international standard as food code standards（Instead, Europe and the standard）standards，Some standard low than in developed countries，But some standard high than in developed countries。