美国国际贸易委员会7日作出终裁，认定从中国进口的晶体硅光伏电池及组件实质性损害了美国相关产业，美国将对此类产品征收反倾销和反补贴（“双反”）关税。根据美方规定，美国商务部将正式要求海关对此类产品征收“双反”关税。雪上加霜的是，昨天欧盟委员会也在其官方网站发布立案公告，对自中国进口的光伏电池产品发起反补贴调查。我国光伏产业整合升级的压力再次加大。

United States international trade commission 7 days to make the final,That imports from China of crystalline silicon pv cell and element substantial damage to the relevant industries,The United States will of such products to anti-dumping and countervailing("Double reverse")tariff.According to the provisions of the United States,The us department of commerce will formally requests the customs to this kind of product collection"Double reverse"tariff.To add to the misery of,The European commission yesterday in its official website announced put on record,Since China's import of photovoltaic battery product launch anti-subsidy investigation.Our pv industry integration upgrade pressure increased again.

　　□事件

- events

　　美终裁决定征“双反税”

Beauty final determinations sign"Double anti tax"

　　美国国际贸易委员会7日以6票全部赞成通过了征收“双反税”的裁定。按美国商务部今年10月份裁定的幅度，美国将对中国产晶体硅光伏电池及组件征收18.32％至249.96％的反倾销税，以及14.78％至15.97％的反补贴税。同时，根据美国国际贸易委员会的另一个裁决，针对此类产品的“双反”关税令不适用追溯原则，因此反补贴关税从今年3月20日起征收，反倾销关税从今年5月17日起征收。

United States international trade commission 7 to 6 ticket for all through the collection"Double anti tax"ruling.According to the us department of commerce in October this year the range of the ruling,The United States will on chinese-made crystal silicon photovoltaic battery and element collection of 18.32% to 249.96% of the anti-dumping duties,And 14.78% to 15.97% of the countervailing duty.At the same time,According to the United States international trade commission of another award,Aiming at this kind of products"Double reverse"Tariff does not apply to trace principle,Therefore countervailing duties from this year on March 20, the collection,Anti-dumping duties on May 17, from this year the collection.

　　欧立案发起反补贴调查

European put on record launch anti-subsidy investigation

　　雪上加霜的是，继欧盟9月对我光伏产业发起反倾销立案调查后，昨天欧盟委员会在其官网发布立案公告，对自中国进口光伏电池产品发起反补贴调查。 

To add to the misery of,After the European Union to September I photovoltaic industry initiated anti-dumping investigation,The European commission yesterday in its website file issued by public announcement,Since China's imports of photovoltaic battery product launch anti-subsidy investigation. 

　　从涉案的太阳能产品的进口额来看，这是欧盟委员会迄今为止接到的最大的一起反补贴申诉。欧盟的数据显示，2011年中国向欧盟出口了价值约210亿欧元的太阳能电池板和主要部件。 

From the suspects, solar energy product imports to see,This is the European commission so far received one of the biggest and countervailing appeal.The eu's data display,In 2011, the Chinese export to eu worth about 21 billion euros solar panels and the main components. 

　　按照欧盟的贸易防御政策，此次调查将需要13个月的时间。如果有充分的证据证明上述补贴指控属实，欧盟可以在9个月内征收临时的反补贴关税。

According to the European Union trade defence policy,This survey will need to 13 months time.If there is enough evidence to prove the above subsidies accusation,The European Union in 9 months of imposing provisional countervailing duties.

　　□影响

- influence

　　给中国光伏业造成巨大打击

To China pv industry caused great blow

　　昨天，英利绿色能源控股有限公司发布公告称，美方的终裁结果包括两个方面：首先，中国太阳能电池和组件的进口对美国的光伏产业造成“实质性的损害”；其次，本案不存在“紧急情况”。因此根据“紧急情况”的否定性裁决，英利绿色能源将无需支付此前计提的1370万美元“双反”费用。此外，采用第三国制造的电池、在中国境内完成封装的组件将不会被征收反补贴税和反倾销税。 

yesterday,Yingli green energy holdings co., LTD., releases announcement to say,The U.S. side of the final results include two aspects:First of all,China's solar cell and component imports to the United States by photovoltaic industry"Substantial damage";secondly,This case does not exist"emergency".So according to"emergency"The negative verdict,Yingli green energy will need not pay after withdrawal of us $13.7 million"Double reverse"cost.In addition,By use of the third countries manufacturing cell/In China the component complete package will not be collecting countervailing duties and anti-dumping duties. 

　　江西赛维LDK总裁兼首席执行官佟兴雪说：“现在中国光伏行业的平均利润率已经很低了，在这个时候，美国还对我们出口的晶体硅光伏电池和组件征收如此之高的惩罚性关税，将大大增加中国光伏产品出口的成本，给中国光伏行业造成巨大打击。” 

LDK LDK President concurrently chief executive officer TongXingXue said:"Now China pv industry average profit margin is already very low,At this time,The United States also to our export of crystalline silicon pv cell and component collection of such high punitive tariffs,Will greatly increase the cost of China pv products export,To China pv industry has had an enormous blow." 

　　美国商务部的数据显示，2011年美国从中国进口晶体硅光伏电池及组件价值约31亿美元。

The us department of commerce data display,In 2011 the United States imports from China crystal silicon photovoltaic battery and component value of about 3.1 billion dollars.

　　□中方反应

- the Chinese reaction

　　中国机电商会：声明强烈反对

Mechanical and electronic chamber of commerce in China:Statement strongly against

　　中国机电产品进出口商会昨天代表中国光伏产业发表声明，对美方这一决定表示强烈反对。声明称，该裁决严重扭曲了中国光伏产业及光伏产品对美出口的现状，“双反”关税必将严重损害中美两国及全球绿色能源产业的可持续发展及消费者利益。 

China's mechanical and electrical products import and export chamber of commerce yesterday issued a statement on behalf of China pv industry,For the United States the decision voiced strong opposition.Statement said,The ruling is a serious distortion of China pv industry and pv product exports to America's present situation,"Double reverse"Tariff will seriously damage the two countries and the global green energy industry's sustainable development and the interests of consumers. 

　　声明指出，中国光伏企业将认真分析美国国际贸易委员会终裁裁决，保留通过美国国内诉讼或者多边贸易机制等途径维护自身合法利益的权利。 

Statement pointed out that,China pv enterprises will earnestly analyze the United States international trade commission a final ruling,Keep through the American domestic litigation or multilateral trade mechanism and so on ways to safeguard their own legitimate rights and interests of the rights. 

　　这是今年以来美国对中国发起的又一项贸易救济行动，此前美国方面连续对中国产品发起“双反”和“337调查”。此前中国商务部多次表示，希望美国政府恪守反对贸易保护主义承诺，共同维护自由、开放、公正的国际贸易环境，以更加理性的方法妥善处理贸易摩擦。 

This is since this year the United States launched in China and a trade relief action,After the United States continuous on Chinese products launch"Double reverse"and"337 survey".China's ministry of commerce said many times before,Hope that the U.S. government abide by against trade protectionism commitment,Common maintenance free/open/Fair international trade environment,With a more rational way properly handle the trade friction. 

　　中国商务部新闻发言人表示，美国在新能源领域挑起贸易摩擦，向全世界发出了贸易保护主义和阻碍新能源发展的消极信号，与全球共同应对气候变化和能源安全挑战的大趋势背道而驰。

China's commerce ministry spokesman said,The United States in the new energy field make trade friction,Send to the world trade protectionism and prevent new energy development of negative signal,With the global fight against climate change and energy security challenges of the trends.

　　□分析

- analysis

　　价格恶性竞争酿苦果

The price we stuffed vicious competition

　　面对外界压力，我国光伏产业界也有反思。国务院发展研究中心世界发展所副所长丁一凡分析，美对我“双反”的原因，首先美国肯定有问题，但与行业发展现状也有关系。在国内产业转型的背景下，光伏被认为是新兴产业，各级地方争相上马项目，大小企业太多太滥，遭到国外同行业的抵触。企业间互相竞争、压价，难免会给人家提供口实。 

In the face of external pressure,Our pv industry also has reflection.The state council development research center, deputy director of the world development DingYiFan analysis,Beautiful to me"Double reverse"reason,First the United States have a problem for certain,But with the current situation of the development of the industry also has relationship.In China under the background of industry transformation,Pv is considered to be emerging industry,Local scramble to get on the project,Size enterprise too much too excessive,By foreign insurance conflict.Enterprise competition between each other/demand,Hard to avoid can give people provide handle. 

　　自2007年起，我国光伏组件产量跃居世界第一，且生产成本降速居首，成为全球市场的价格风向标。在同质化竞争严重、产能过剩的情况下，全行业在价格上“一路走到黑”，最终招致“双反”。 

Since 2007,Our pv module production to become the world's first,And the cost of production speed down to lead,Become a global market price wind vane.In the homogenization serious competition/Under the condition of excess capacity,The industry in price"Go all the way to the black",Eventually cause"Double reverse". 

　　中国光伏产业联盟秘书长王勃华介绍说，光伏组件价格虽跟随成本逐步降低，但始终维持着30％的利润率。这就使业界价格战此起彼伏。“2010年以来，价格战不断挤压行业利润率，少数国内中小企业甚至不惜亏本竞争。”

China pv industry league secretary general WangBoHua said,Photovoltaic component price is follow cost gradually reduce,But always maintaining 30% of the profit margin.This makes the price war to break out."Since 2010,Price war continuous extrusion industry profit margins,A few domestic small and medium-sized enterprise even at competition at a loss."

　　应完善行业标准设门槛

We should perfect the industry standard set threshold

　　中国可再生能源学会秘书长孟宪淦称，他对美国“双反”定案并不意外，担心的是欧盟也要采取同样的措施。因为去年销往美国的光伏产品只占中国总产量的10%，而出口到欧盟的光伏产品占中国总产量的50%以上。 

The Chinese renewable energy to learn secretary general MengXianGan says,He to the United States"Double reverse"Finalize not surprised,Worry is the eu also want to take the same measures.Because last year are sold to the United States of photovoltaic products account for only 10% of China's total output,And exported to the eu's pv products accounted for more than 50% of China's total output. 

　　目前，我国光伏行业正经历重新洗牌、整合升级的过程，这已成为业内共识。国家发改委能源研究所副所长李俊峰说：“当前我国光伏行业陷入困境，一个重要的原因是行业自身缺乏规范管理，企业盲目扩张、无序竞争。要走出困境，必须依靠行业整合升级。” 

At present,Photovoltaic industry in our country are experiencing reshuffle/Integration upgrade process,This has become the industry consensus.The national development and reform commission deputy director of the institute of energy LiJunFeng said:"The current China pv industry get into trouble,An important reason is lack of standardized management industry itself,Enterprise blind expansion/Disordered competition.To get out of difficult situation,Must rely on integration of industry upgrading." 

　　英利绿色能源控股有限公司首席技术官宋登元说：“应该设立准入门槛，制定相关行业标准。这不仅可以防止投资过热，也有利于优化产能。”

Yingli green energy holdings co., LTD., chief technical officer's song yuan said:"Should set admittance threshold,Formulate relevant industry standards.This not only can prevent overheating investment,But also to optimize production."

　　贸易摩擦或越来越多

Trade friction or more and more

　　中国人民大学经济学院教授黄卫平称，“双反”裁定属意料之中，奥巴马选举中就曾提到要恢复本国制造业，要把高端制造业拿回来，所以美国必然这样做。

Chinese people's university school of economics professor HuangWeiPing says,"Double reverse"Decision is expected,Obama election had mentioned to restore its manufacturing,The advanced manufacturing back,So the United States must do so.

　　对于贸易摩擦频发，黄卫平称，经济困难时期各国应该同舟共济，不应该互相制裁。贸易战的后果对双方都有害，贸易战最终受害者是消费者，但就美国来说，政客们目前首先关注的是选票和短期就业。

For the frequent trade friction,HuangWeiPing says,Difficult economic times countries should be in the same boat,Should not be mutual sanctions.Trade war consequences for both harmful,Trade war final victims are consumers,But for the United States,Politicians are first concern is votes and short-term employment.

　　丁一凡认为贸易摩擦以后会越来越多，原因在于随着中国产业结构的调整，必须提高制造业的档次，过去生产的是人家淘汰的东西，以后生产的则是人家也在生产的高附加值的产品，因此竞争必然会越来越激烈，摩擦会越来越多。总之贸易战不可避免，这也没什么可怕的，市场竞争只会激励少数卓越的企业越战越强。

DingYiFan think that trade friction will more and more,The reason is that with China's industrial structure adjustment,Must enhance the grade of the manufacturing industry,The past production is the somebody else out things,After production, the somebody else is also in the production of high value-added products,Therefore the competition will become more and more fierce,Friction will be more and more.In a word trade war inevitable,And there's nothing terrible,Market competition will only motivate a few excellent enterprise the stronger the Vietnam war.