《中国对外贸易形势报告(2012年秋季)》显示，中国是贸易保护主义的最大受害者，今年前三季度，中国出口产品遭遇国外贸易救济调查达55起，涉案企业大多遭受了严重打击，加之金融危机令外需持续疲软，中国很多出口企业利润下滑明显，且部分企业还将丧失海外市场。  

[China's foreign trade situation report(In the fall of 2012)]display,China is the biggest victims trade protectionism,The first three quarters of this year,China's export products encounter foreign trade remedy investigation of 55 up,Most companies involved suffered a serious blow,Together with the financial crisis to overseas market demand remains weak,Many of China's export enterprise profit decline significantly,And part of the enterprise will also lose the overseas market.  

　　贸易保护主义日趋复杂  

Trade protectionism is getting more and more complicated  

　　近日，商务部发布《中国对外贸易形势报告(2012年秋季)》，报告显示，中国是贸易保护主义的最大受害者，今年前三季度，中国出口产品遭遇国外贸易救济调查55起，增长38%，涉案金额更大幅增长近8倍。  

recently,Issued by the ministry of commerce[China's foreign trade situation report(In the fall of 2012)],The report shows that,China is the biggest victims trade protectionism,The first three quarters of this year,China's export products encounter foreign trade remedy investigation 55 up,Growth of 38%,Involving a value more substantial growth nearly 8 times.  

　　而这其中，中国太阳能光伏电池在多个海外市场遭遇贸易摩擦，出口严重受阻。据悉，美国商务部10月10日对华光伏“双反”案做出终裁，认定中国向美国出口的光伏电池及组件存在倾销和补贴行为，决定征收高额惩罚性关税。  

And this among them,China's solar energy photovoltaic battery in more than one overseas market encounter trade friction,Export seriously hindered.It is reported,The us department of commerce on October 10, China pv"Double reverse"Case to make the final,That China exports to the us of photovoltaic battery and components exist dumping and subsidies behavior,Decided to impose punitive tariffs on high.  

　　回想今年三季度欧、美、印三国对我国光伏企业“双反”调查的集中爆发，一时让国内光伏企业难以招架，“两头在外”的产业格局，也让其遭受的经营损失更甚于其他行业。  

The year to the third quarter back to Europe/beauty/Print The Three Kingdoms to our country photovoltaic enterprise"Double reverse"Investigation of the outbreak of concentration,At that time let the domestic photovoltaic enterprise hard to parry,"Two head out"Industrial pattern,Also let its suffer from business loss more than other industries.  

　　但是，光伏产品只是中国企业今年以来遭受美国贸易保护措施的一个缩影。据《新京报》30日消息称，欧盟委员会今年8月宣布，将中国出口自行车及自行车零件征收的反倾销税延长至2016年；自9月中旬起，欧盟对从中国进口的瓷砖征收为期5年的惩罚性关税，最高税率为69.7%。  

but,Photovoltaic products just Chinese enterprise since this year suffer from the American trade protection measures of a miniature.According to[The Beijing news]30 source says,The European commission announced on August this year,Will China export bicycle and bicycle parts to the collection of anti-dumping duties extend to 2016;Since mid-september up,The European Union on imports from China ceramic tile collection five-year punitive tariffs,The highest rate is 69.7%.  

　　对此，中国国际经济交流中心副研究员王天龙表示，本轮针对中国的贸易保护措施增多与全球经济增长乏力有很大关系。主要发达经济体经济低迷造成国内需求下降，导致失业率增高；为保护国内企业、增加就业，就会实行贸易保护，对其他国家商品提高进口门槛。  

this,China international economic exchange center deputy researcher WangTianLong said,This according to China's trade protection measures and increased global economic growth has a lot to do with fatigue.Major developed economies economic downturn caused by falling domestic demand,Lead to increased unemployment;For the protection of domestic enterprises/Increase employment,Will implement the trade protection,For other countries import products to improve the threshold.  

　　此外，商务部数据显示，今年上半年我国共遭遇了18个国家和地区发起的反倾销、反补贴、特保等调查共计40起，同比增长了38%。而从立案国别来看，巴西、印度等发展中国家对我国立案数量占总案件数的70%，新兴国家对华贸易摩擦的激增已经成为此轮贸易战的重要特点。  

In addition,The ministry of commerce data display,In the first half of this year our country had a total of 18 countries and regions launched anti-dumping/countervailing/Safeguard investigation, such as a total of 40 up,Growth of 38% year-on-year.And from country put on record to see,Brazil/India and other developing countries to our country put on record the number of 70% of the total cases,Emerging countries, the trade friction against China indicates the surge has become the major feature of this round of trade war.  

　　据商务部消息，继欧美之后，印度反倾销局也将对中国出口的光伏产品进行反倾销调查，印度太阳能制造商呼吁征收高达200%反倾销税；10月15日，墨西哥就中国纺织品和服装补贴政策提起世贸组织争端解决机制下的磋商请求，指控中国通过减免部分所得税、增值税及地方税等方式对纺织品和服装企业进行了补贴。  

According to the ministry of commerce news,After the Europe and the United States,Indian anti-dumping bureau will also on China's export of photovoltaic products anti-dumping investigation,India solar manufacturers calls for collection of anti-dumping duties as high as 200%;On October 15,,Mexico is China's textiles and clothing subsidy policy to the wto dispute settlement mechanism of the request for consultations,Accused of China through the reduction of income tax/Value added tax and local tax means such as textiles and clothing enterprise to the subsidies.  

　　而与发达国家不同的是，新兴经济体对华产品发起“双反”调查的目的或更重在发展自己的相关产业，减低对外依存度，这也使得其“双反”的范围更广、态度也更为坚决。《南方日报》此前报道就表示，印度政府一直试图把印度打造成一个太阳能产品制造中心，但印度太阳能企业却未能从政府行动中获益。而印度本土太阳能制造业并不发达，其国内的光伏市场很大程度上依赖于进口。  

And with the developed countries is different,Emerging economies China product launch"Double reverse"The purpose of the investigation or more emphasis on developing their own related industry,To reduce external dependence,This also makes the"Double reverse"On a wide range of/Attitude is more firmly.[Southern daily]Previous reports said,The Indian government has been trying to make India hit to cause a solar product manufacturing center,But India solar energy enterprise failed to benefit from the government action.While India domestic solar energy industry is not well developed,The domestic photovoltaic market largely depend on import.  

　　“中国制造”转型正是时机  

"Made in China"Restructuring is time  

　　很难想象，曾让“中国制造”在海外市场备受青睐的“物美价廉”，如今却成为国际贸易保护主义抵制“中国制造”的矛头，致使众多国内出口企业身陷“贸易战”的困境之中，难以在短期内脱身。  

It is hard to imagine,Had let"Made in China"In overseas markets very exciting and popular"affordable",Now it has become the international trade protectionism boycott"Made in China"were,The numerous domestic export enterprises in"Trade war"Dilemma in,In the short term is difficult to get out.  

　　海关数据显示，今年1-9月，我国进出口总值28424.7亿美元，与去年同期相比增长6.2%；其中出口增长7.4%，进口增长4.8%。这与年初制定的10%的增长目标仍有一定差距。虽然今年以来出台的一系列“稳增长”的政策影响下，9月份单月的外贸数据呈现企稳回升迹象，但无论是海关总署还是企业，都对未来的外贸态势表示谨慎。  

Customs data display,1 - September this year,China import and export (GDP) of us $2.84247 trillion,Compared with the same period last year growth of 6.2%;Export growth of 7.4%,Imports rose 4.8%.This early and for 10% of the growth target there is still a certain gap.Although since this year on the introduction of the series"Steady growth"Under the influence of the policy,Month in September foreign trade statistics showing signs of stabilising picks up,But whether the general administration of customs or enterprise,In the future foreign trade situation cautiously.  

　　今年来，针对中国企业的贸易战集中爆发，尤其是欧美日三国对中国光伏行业进行的“双反”调查接踵而至，接连不断的坏消息已经让一些国内企业吃不消。继天合光能被指裁员后，9月17日晚间，尚德电力宣布，基于全球光伏行业形势持续恶化，特别考虑到美国“双反”和欧盟反倾销调查对中国制造的影响，公司决定暂停在无锡地区部分电池工厂的生产。  

This year to,According to Chinese enterprises focus trade war broke out,Especially in Europe and the United States Japan to China of photovoltaic industry"Double reverse"Survey follow,A succession of bad news has made some domestic enterprises be unable to stand.The pv is refers to the jobs,On September 17 evening,Suntech power announced,Based on the global pv industry situation continued to worsen,Special consideration to the United States"Double reverse"And the eu anti-dumping investigation on the influence of made in China,The company decided to suspend in wuxi area part of the battery factory production.  

　　有业内人士表示，目前国内光伏企业都在亏损出货，比的是谁亏损的少，整个行业面临崩盘。而一些中小企业则表示，由于贸易壁垒提高等原因导致成本增加，部分国外订单已经向成本更低的东南亚国家转移。  

The personage inside course of study says,At present domestic photovoltaic enterprise are loss shipment,Who is the losses than less,The whole industry will face collapse.And some small and medium-sized enterprise, said,Because of such reasons as to improve trade barriers lead to cost increase,Some foreign orders have to lower the cost of the southeast Asian countries transfer.  

　　对此，商务部提醒国内外贸企业，应理性应对贸易摩擦。一方面，通过转变外贸发展方式，加快转型升级，提高产业的核心竞争力，提高产品价格，跳出低价竞争的圈子，变“以价取胜”为“以质取胜”。另一方面，要规范内部财务和管理流程，培养应对贸易摩擦的专业人才，建立和完善贸易摩擦预警机制和快速反应机制，避免一旦遭遇贸易摩擦就措手不及。

this,The ministry of commerce to remind the domestic foreign trade enterprise,Should be rational to deal with trade friction.On the one hand,Through the transformation of foreign trade development mode,Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of,Improve the core competitiveness of the industry,Improve product price,Jump out of the low price competition circle,change"To price to win"for"Quality win".On the other hand,To regulate internal financial and management process,To deal with trade conflicts training professional talents,To establish and perfect the trade friction early warning mechanism and rapid response mechanism,Avoid once encounter trade friction is unprepared.