中石油华北天然气销售公司上周被曝发出限气令并进行提价。外界质疑中石油在天然气消费淡季“限气提价”，意在弥补进口天然气业务的巨额亏损。昨天，中石油总部人士回复本报记者称，总公司层面目前没有任何有关下属公司“限气提价”的相关信息。 

Petrochina north China sales company of natural gas was revealed last week issued a gas limit and prices.Questions of oil in the gas consumption off-season"Limited gas prices",To make up for the losses of imported natural gas business.yesterday,Oil in the headquarters reply our correspondent said,Head office level, there is no any affiliate company"Limited gas prices"The relevant information. 

　　■现象

S phenomenon

　　淡季反常限气提价

Off-season abnormal limit of gas prices

　　上周，有媒体报道称，中石油华北天然气销售公司4月28日发出通知，称由于中石油上游气源紧张、缺口较大，决定自5月2日起，在全国范围内限气26%。数天之后，中石油华北天然气销售公司再发通知，自5月5日起，天然气恢复供应。但记者获悉，恢复充足供气的前提条件是，价格比去年同期上涨0.2元/立方米，涨幅达8%。据了解，收到限气提价通知的有山东、河北、陕西等省。 

Last week,,Media reports said,Gas petrochina north China sales company issued a notice on April 28,Said due to the upstream oil and gas source of tension/Great gap,Decision since May 2,Gas by 26% across the country.After a few days,Petrochina north China sales company to send notification of natural gas,Since May 5,,Supply of natural gas recovery.But the reporter has learned,The premise condition that adequate air supply is recovery,Prices rose 0.2 yuan/cubic meter of the same period last year,Up 8%.We have learned,Received with shandong limited gas price increase notice/hebei/Shaanxi province. 

　　对于限气原因，中石油华北天然气销售公司接受媒体采访时回应称，5月天然气供应超出计划，现在只是回归原计划量，只会适当减少直供工业用户的供气量。由于中石油北方两大主力气田——华北油田和长庆油田在5月至6月期间要进行常规检修，加之下游天然气用户增速迅猛，导致目前北方管道气供应趋紧。 

For the limit of gas,Petrochina north China sales company of natural gas in an interview with the media responded,Gas supply beyond the plan in May,Now just to return to the original plan,Can only decrease the direct gas for industrial users.Because the oil in the north two main fields, huabei oilfield and changqing oilfield during may to June for regular maintenance,Combined with the natural gas downstream users rapid growth,Led to the current northern pipeline gas supply crunch. 

　　有数据表明，2012年华北地区全年用气量占全国的30%左右，需求量增幅为全国的两倍。卓创资讯分析师李凌轩表示，虽然在天然气消费淡季做出限气提价的举措有违常规，但目前华北地区天然气需求量增幅远超全国产量增幅，因此对该地区减少供应也在情理之中。

Have data to show that,2012 full-year gas in north China accounts for about 30% of the whole country,Demand growth for the two times.Zhuo and information analysts Li Lingxuan said,Although in gas consumption off-season to limit gas prices move against conventional,But so far demand for natural gas in north China growth far exceeds the national output growth,So reduce supply in the region is also understandable.

　　天然气进口陷巨亏

Gas imports in losses

　　天然气的价格一直是中石油的一个心结。中石油副总裁孙龙德就曾公开表示，天然气的核心是价格问题。他认为，推动定价机制改革是非常重要的工作，国家希望加快完善天然气价格体系，但改革需要实现卖得好与买得起之间的平衡。 

The price of natural gas has been the oil in a knot.Petrochina's vice President of sun fong kuo said publicly,At the heart of the natural gas is price.He thinks that,For pricing mechanism reform is very important work,Countries want to improve natural gas pricing system,But reforms needed to achieve the balance between selling well and can afford. 

　　中石油2012年年报显示，天然气与管道板块实际亏损21.1亿元，其中中石油自去年开始进口中亚天然气及LNG陷入巨额亏损，共计亏损419亿元。今年一季度，进口天然气亏损进一步扩大至144.5亿元，亏损同比扩大超过40%。同时，中石油以94亿元的政府补贴额名列央企补贴排行榜第一，其炼油板块和天然气板块上的亏损则是国家给予所谓“政策性亏损”补贴的主要原因。但在今年成品油价格机制已经进行了更加市场化、更利于上游成本传导的改革后，国资委向中石油提出更严格的减亏指标。这也成为外界此次质疑中石油欲通过限气提价弥补亏损的指摘之一。 

Petrochina in 2012 annual report showed,Natural gas and pipeline plate actual losses of 2.11 billion yuan,Of petroleum imports since last year in the central Asian natural gas and LNG into huge losses,Total loss of 41.9 billion yuan.In the first quarter this year,Imported gas loss 14.45 billion yuan will be further expanded,Loss of expanded more than 40% year-on-year.At the same time,Oil to $9.4 billion in government subsidies relative ranking the first among state subsidies,Its losses on refining plates and natural gas sectors is granted by the state to the so-called"practies"The main reason for the subsidy.But in this year's oil product pricing mechanism has been underway for a more market-oriented/In favor of the reform of the upstream transmission costs,State-owned assets supervision and administration to petrochina tighter loss-mitigation index is put forward.It also become the question in the oil to the outside through the limit of gas prices make up the loss of one of the blame. 

　　■探因

S agent for

　　■分析

S analysis

　　提价时机远未成熟

Price is far from ripe

　　按照国家现有的天然气出厂价格形成机制，天然气出厂价实行政府指导价，供需双方可以国家规定的出厂基准价为基础协商确定具体价格。进口天然气价格与国内天然气销售价格的倒挂导致了目前中石油的巨亏。中国石油大学教授、中国油气产业发展研究中心副主任刘毅军指出，经过测算，如果要使中石油达到天然气业务盈亏平衡，天然气终端销售价格上涨的幅度需接近50%。刘毅军还指出，终端的居民天然气价格调整，必须召开听证会，而且调整权限在发改委，中石油只有在向下游气站批发销售天然气时具备一定幅度的价格调整权限。 

Factory in accordance with the existing state of the natural gas pricing mechanism,Ex-factory price of natural gas on government pricing,Supply and demand both sides can be negotiated and determined on the basis of the factory benchmark price stipulated by the state the specific price.Imports of gas price and the price of domestic natural gas sales down led to losses in oil at present.China's oil, a professor at the university/China's oil and gas industry development research center, deputy director of the LiuYiJun pointed out,After measuring the,If you want to make the break-even oil to natural gas business,Natural gas terminal sales prices need to be close to 50%.LiuYiJun also pointed out that,End the inhabitants of the natural gas price adjustment,Must hold hearings,And adjust the permissions on the development and reform commission (NDRC),Oil only in the downstream QiZhan wholesale natural gas prices have a certain extent when adjust the permissions. 

　　刘毅军表示，从产销比看，我国目前的天然气存储量严重不足，不足的这部分需要通过进口弥补。但目前国外采购价高于国内气价是摆在国内整个天然气产业面前的一个难题，需要推动价格改革来破解。业界普遍认为，现阶段还不具备天然气价格市场化的条件，提价时机远未成熟。中投顾问任浩宁表示，满足天然气价格市场化需要具备三个条件：一是供给量可以保证；二是需求可以调控；三是价格可以影响供求关系。

LiuYiJun said,From the production and marketing than watching,The serious shortage of natural gas storage in our country at present,This part of the lack of need to make up for with imports.But the foreign purchase price is higher than the domestic gas price is a difficult problem in front of the whole gas industry domestic,Need to push the price reform to crack.The industry generally believe that,Also do not have the price of natural gas market condition at present stage,Price is far from ripe.Cic advisory Ren Haoning said,Three conditions are required to meet the price of natural gas market:One is can supply guarantee;Second, the requirements can be control;Three is the price can affect supply and demand.