今年1月1日起正式实施的《预包装食品营养标签通则》，是我国第一个食品营养标签国家标准，属于强制执行的标准。实施4个多月来，效果如何？近期，半月谈记者走访了上海多家超市、卖场、便利店后发现，不少食品营养标签标注得并不规范，甚至没有进行标注。消费者对营养标签往往不看或是看不懂。

今年1月1日起正式实施的[The general principles of the prepackaged food nutrition labels],Is the first national food nutrition labeling standards in our country,Belong to the enforcement of the standards.For more than four months of implementation,How is the effect?The recent,半月谈 journalists visited several supermarkets in Shanghai/stores/Convenience stores and found,A lot of food nutrition label is not specification,Even without a mark.Consumers to nutrition labels often don't look at or see don't understand.

　　进口食品成标注不规范“重灾区”

进口食品成标注不规范"Hardest hit"

　　尽管自认为挺关注健康和食品安全的，上海白领李阳在选择预包装食品时，关注的重点也只是生产日期和保质期，“有时会看看成分表，知道很多食品背面有个‘小方块’，但是从来没有研究过。”

尽管自认为挺关注健康和食品安全的,上海白领李阳在选择预包装食品when,The focus is the production date and shelf life,"有when会看看成分表,Know a lot of food on the back of a‘Small squares’,But has never been studied."

　　李阳所提到的这个“小方块”，叫做营养成分表。从今年1月1日起，直接提供给消费者的预包装食品都必须标注营养成分表后才能上市销售。

李阳所提到的这个"Small squares",Is called the nutritional information.From January 1 this year,Pre-packaged food must be provided directly to consumers with nutrition table to go on sale.

　　国家风险评估中心标准三部副主任韩军花指出，食品的营养对保证居民健康至关重要，通则的实施首次把营养纳入食品安全的总体布局里来管理。

国家风险评估中心标准三部副主任韩军花指出,Food nutrition is very important to guarantee the residents health,The implementation of the general principles of the nutrition for the first time into the overall food safety to manage in the layout.

　　预包装食品，是指预先定量包装或者制作在包装材料和容器中，直接向消费者提供的食品，比如我们平时购买的包装好的饼干、饮料、速冻水饺、薯片、酱油等。根据通则规定，预包装食品外包装标签上必须标示出能量和蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钠4种核心营养素的含量值及其占营养素参考值的百分比，未进行标注的产品将不得进入市场销售。

预包装食品,Refers to the quantitative packaging or production in advance in the packaging materials and containers,Provide food directly to consumers,比如我们平when购买的包装好的cookies/drinks/Frozen dumplings/Potato chips/Soy sauce, etc..According to the general principles of the provisions,Pre-packaged food packaging must be labeled with the energy and protein on the label/fat/carbohydrates/Sodium content value of the four core nutrients and accounts for the percentage nutrient reference value,Not labeled with the product will be not allowed to enter the market sales.

　　半月谈记者调查发现，市面上在售的预包装食品，包装袋上大多标上了营养标签，但也有部分进口食品未按要求标注营养标签。根据通则，进口食品的营养标签应使用中文。但在位于长宁区的一家进口食品店内，不少食品外包装上只用外文标注营养成分表，没有用中文标注营养成分表。

半月谈reporter调查发现,Pre-packaged food for sale on the market,Mostly on the nutrition label on packing bag,But there are also part of the imported food labeling nutrition labels as required.According to the general principles of the,The imported food nutrition labels should be used in Chinese.But in an import food stores located in changning district,A lot on food packaging use foreign nourishment composition table,Not marked with nutritional information.

　　“营养参考尺”居民多看不懂，食品营养知识存三大误区

"Nutrient reference feet"Residents see don't understand,Food nutrition knowledge three pitfalls

　　在专家眼里，食品营养标签好比一把“营养参考尺”，不仅强制生产企业明确标注营养信息，难以作假，也让消费者能更好地了解食品中主要营养成分的含量，以便因人而异选购产品。目前多数预包装食品虽然已经明示营养成分，但不少消费者表示根本不看或者看不懂。据专家介绍，目前人们在食品消费中还存在三大误区。

在专家眼里,Food nutrition label is like a hand"Nutrient reference feet",Mandatory production enterprises not only clearly marked nutritional information,Difficult to cheat,Also can let consumers better understand the content of main nutrients in food,In order to vary from person to person of choose and buy products.Though currently most prepackaged foods has been expressly nutrients,但不少消费者said根本不看或者看Don't understand.According to expert introduction,At present there exist three misunderstandings in people on food consumption.

　　误区一：反式脂肪酸标注为零的食品就是健康食品。

误区一:Zero trans fat labeling of food is healthy food.

　　对不少关心饮食健康的消费者来说，反式脂肪酸几乎可以说是“罪大恶极”。研究表明，大量摄入反式脂肪酸会增加对健康有害的胆固醇，增加患心血管疾病以及糖尿病的风险，而反式脂肪酸主要存在于氢化油脂之中。通则要求，食品原料中如果有以人造奶油、起酥油、代可可脂等以氢化油为主要原料的产品，都应标示出反式脂肪酸含量。

对不少关心饮食健康的消费者来说,Trans fatty acids is almost"sin".Studies have shown that,Trans fatty acids increase intake harmful to the health of cholesterol,Increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes,The trans fatty acids mainly exists in hydrogenated oils.General principles of the requirements,If there is in the food raw materials to margarine/shortening/On behalf of the cocoa butter and other with hydrogenated oil as the main raw material products,Should be identified trans fatty acid content.

　　家住闵行区的退休老人吴亚红自从看过一起讲述反式脂肪酸对人体危害的电视节目后，在选购面包、饼干等食品时就多留了一个心眼，优先选择标注“零反式脂肪酸”的食品。

家住闵行区的退休老人吴亚红自从看过一起讲述反式fat酸对人体危害的电视节目后,The choose and buy bread/cookies等食品when就多留了一个心眼,Preferred labeling"Zero trans fats"The food.

　　记者调查发现，市面上有不少迎合消费者这一心理的产品。比如一些薯片、饼干、蛋糕在营养成分表的反式脂肪酸一栏上都标上了“0克”，有的包装上甚至还有醒目的“零反式脂肪酸”等字样。

reporter调查发现,There are a lot of this mental products catering to consumers.Such as some potato chips/cookies/Cake in the nutrition table trans fatty acids on the column"0 g",Some even marked on the package"Zero trans fats"With the words such as.

　　中国农业大学食品学院营养与食品安全系副教授范志红介绍，反式脂肪酸固然不利于人体健康，但不含反式脂肪酸的食品也未必就是健康食品。“即便没有了反式脂肪酸，过多的脂肪、糖、盐以及一些添加剂都不利于健康，很多消费者因为贪恋口感而选择这些低营养价值的食品，这样的食品消费习惯是不健康的。”

中国农业大学食品学院营养与食品安全系副教授Fan Zhigong introduction,Trans fatty acids is not conducive to human health,But do not contain trans fatty acids in the food that is healthy food."Even if no trans fatty acids,Too much fat/sugar/Salt and some additives are not conducive to health,Many consumers because of lust after taste and choose the low nutritional value of food,The food consumption habits are not healthy."

　　误区二：“无蔗糖”食品含糖量必然低。

误区二:"No sugar"The food is low in sugar.

　　宣称不加糖的黑芝麻糊、不加糖蔬菜营养麦片、不加糖沙琪玛、不添加蔗糖的注心蛋糕……市面上主打“无糖”、“低糖”的食品数量不少。翻阅营养标签，除了“1+4”内容外，不少食品上并没有标注具体的含糖量。

宣称不加sugar的黑芝麻糊/No sugar vegetable nutrition cereal/No sugar ShaQiMa/No added sucrose note heart cake...On the main market"No sugar"/"Low sugar"Amount of food a lot.Read nutrition labels,In addition to"1 + 4"What was said,Many food is not indicate specific sugar content.

　　记者了解到，尽管通则并没有强制要求标示食品中的糖分，但即使宣称“不含蔗糖”的食品也未必真正低糖。范志红介绍，市面上部分宣称食品“不含蔗糖”，但如果研究其配料表就能发现，这些产品中有的添加了麦芽糖浆或者麦芽糊精，有的产品主要成分是碳水化合物，这个时候尽管食品中没有蔗糖，实际糖分的含量可能比含蔗糖的食品还要高。

The reporter understands,Despite the general rule is not mandatory labeling sugar in food,But even claimed that"Contains no sucrose,"The food is not really low sugar.Fan Zhigong introduction,Some claims that the food on the market"Contains no sucrose,",But if its ingredients can be found,Some of these products with malt syrup, or maltodextrin,Some product was mostly carbohydrate,这个when候尽管食品中没有蔗sugar,Real sugar content may be even higher than sugary food.

　　误区三：光看营养成分标签上的数字不看单位。

误区三:At the nutrition label unit of the Numbers on the watch.

　　“光是看营养成分表里的数字就已经很复杂了，还要看单位？”不少消费者如此表示。业内人士告诉记者，尽管法规对营养成分标签有详细的规定，但有的厂家为了不让营养成分的数值“难看”，还会使用较小的数据单位以获得较大数值。消费者如果不细心，就会被这样的“障眼法”欺骗。

"The nutrition ingredient list of Numbers alone is very complicated,Also look at unit?"不少消费者如此said.The personage inside course of study tells a reporter,Although the laws and regulations have detailed rules on nutrition label,But some manufacturer in order not to let the value of nutrition"ugly",Also use smaller units of data in order to obtain larger values.If consumers don't care,Will be like this"Smoke screen"cheating.

　　“吃个东西就得懂这么多”

"Eat something will have to understand so much"

　　专家指出，尽管通则已经明确要求食品包装上清楚标注各种原料含量，尤其是不利于健康的成分的含量，提醒消费者食用这种食品可能对身体造成危害，保证其在知情的情况下做出理性的选择。但消费者也同样需要主动看、主动学习营养成分表，补上“不懂”的课，决不能抱着“吃个东西还要懂这么多”的消极心态去选择食品。

专家指出,Although general principles have clear requirements on food packaging clearly marked content of all kinds of raw materials,Especially unhealthy ingredient content,Remind consumers eat the food may cause harm to the body,Ensure that under the condition of the people make rational choices.But consumers need to look at as well/Active learning nutrition ingredient list,Catch up on"Don't understand"Of the class,Must not hold"Eat a thing to understand so much"The negative attitude to choose food.

　　上海市商业流通中心首席研究员齐晓斋表示，消费者想要不被厂家的标注和夸大其词的广告“忽悠”，花心思、花时间学习“吃的知识”很有必要。监管部门也应加强食品知识的宣传，培养消费者对学习“吃的知识”的兴趣，引导消费者健康饮食。

上海市商业流通中心首席研究员齐晓斋said,Consumers to be manufacturer's label and exaggerated advertisement"fool",Beautiful idea/花when间学习"Have knowledge of"It is necessary to.Regulators should strengthen the propaganda of food knowledge,Cultivate consumers to learn"Have knowledge of"The interest of,Guide consumers a healthy diet.

　　范志红表示，消费者决不能因为一款食品标注反式脂肪酸为零或是宣称不含蔗糖就大量摄入。选择食品时不能只靠口感来选择，而要仔细研读食品外包装上的信息，综合考虑盐、糖、脂肪、添加剂等多方面的指标，同时结合品牌、价格等因素进行选购。“对于任何不利于健康的食品，无论其口感如何，都应自觉少买少吃。”

范志红said,Consumers must not because a food labelling of trans fatty acids is zero or claims that do not contain sugar intake.选择食品when不能只靠口感来选择,And carefully study the information on food packaging,Comprehensive consideration of salt/sugar/fat/Additives and other aspects of indicators,同when结合品牌/Factors such as price to buy."For any unhealthy food,Regardless of its taste,Should be consciously buy less eat less."

　　此外，专家还指出，消费者还可以通过营养标签的数值，针对自身身体所需购买食品、强化营养，减少健康隐患。尤其对于还处在发育期的少年儿童来说，应该食用蛋白质含量高的食品，高血压患者应尽量选择钠含量低的食品，糖尿病患者要限制碳水化合物含量高的食品的摄入。(记者 周蕊)

此外,Experts also pointed out that,Consumers can also through the nutrition label value,According to their own body needed to buy food/Strengthen nutrition,Reduce health risks.Especially for young children is still in its developmental stages,Should eat foods high in protein,High blood pressure patients should try to choose low sodium content of food,People with diabetes to limit food intake of high carbohydrate content.(reporter Zhou Rui)