有媒体记者昨天“从相关渠道获悉”，成品油定价机制的改革方案有望择机推出。

Media reporters yesterday"Learn from the relevant channels",Refined oil pricing mechanism reform plan is expected to launch the timing.

　　有关成品油定价机制改革已经议论有时，但皆是“只听楼梯响，不见人下来”。甚至每有成品油定价机制改革的呼声或这一机制将择机推出的“传闻”，总是有权威部门的官员出来否认，其否认的重要理由之一就是“时机不成熟”。不过，虽然“时机不成熟”已经持续了两三年，但是，至今为止也没有什么人出来解释成品油定价机制的“时机”究竟由那些因素构成。构成因素不明，新成品油定价机制的推出时机，就只能由明了这些构成因素的人说了算。

The refined oil pricing mechanism reform has been talking about sometimes,But all is"Listen to stair ring,Disappear a person down".Even each have refined oil pricing mechanism reform call or this mechanism will be the timing of the launch"rumours",There are always authority officials deny that out,Its very important reason to deny is one of"Timing was not mature".but,although"Timing was not mature"Has lasted for two or three years,but,So far no one out to explain refined oil pricing mechanism"time"Whether by those factors.Unknown factors to compose,New product launch time pricing mechanism,Can the clear these factors to compose the people have the final say.

　　中国现有成品油定价机制的显著特点之一，就是国内成品油定价，参考的不是国际成品油市场的价格，而是国际原油市场的价格。这其中之不同，就在于相对而言，成品油市场的价格波动幅度，远没有原油市场的波动幅度大。一般而言，在有竞争的市场上，成品油供应商为了保住市场份额，常常不得不自我消化一部分原油价格波动而保持成品油价格稳定。这里所谓“自我消化”，就是在其他环节上降低成本。

China has refined oil pricing mechanism of one of the remarkable characteristic,Is the domestic refined oil pricing,Reference is not the international oil market price,But the international crude oil market price.This one of which different,Is relatively,Product oil market price fluctuation range,Far from crude oil market fluctuation range big.Generally speaking,In a competitive market,Product suppliers in order to keep market share,Often have to self digest part of the crude oil price fluctuation and keep product oil price stability.Here the so-called"Self digestion",Is in the other links to reduce cost.

　　因此，在国际上，成品油市场和原油市场的交易都存在着风险，而原油市场交易的风险要更大些。此所谓“更大”，就是如果原油价格有导致成品油提供商的自我消化能力和保持市场份额的努力失衡的风险，那么，成品油提供商就不会在此时再贸然购进原油，这样，就会导致原油市场的价格下跌……

therefore,In the world,Product oil market and crude oil market transactions are there is a risk,And crude oil market transaction risk bigger.This so-called"more",Is that if the price of crude oil has led to product provider self digestion ability and maintaining market share to the risk of imbalance,so,Product provider will not at this time to jump to a purchase crude oil,this,Will lead to crude oil market prices...

　　但是，这一国际油价（原油价格和成品油价格）的变化过程，却并没有体现在国内油价的变化当中。在中国，由于不存在竞争，所以，那两三个成品油提供商连一丁点“自我消化”原油价格波动的动力都没有。不仅如此，现有的成品油定价机制，又保证了成品油提供商“旱涝保收”的舒适境遇。在国内，成品油提供商哪里有风险可言？国内成品油提供商所能做的，就是只要国际原油价格上涨，成品油提供商就乘势把自己的成品油价格抬上去，而丝毫不用担心自己的抬价行为会导致市场份额的损失。

but,The international oil prices(The price of crude oil and product oil price)Change process,Are not reflected in the domestic oil prices of change.In China,Because there is no competition,so,The two three product provider even a little"Self digestion"Crude oil price fluctuation of power are not.Not only that,The existing product oil pricing mechanism,But also guaranteed the product providers"Drought or waterlogging"Comfortable circumstances.In the domestic,Product provider where there is risk is involved?Domestic product providers can do,Is as long as the international crude oil prices,Product provider will takes advantage of a favorable situation put their product oil price upstairs,And a bit need not worry about their bid up behavior will lead to the loss of market share.

　　国内成品油提供商跟涨国际原油市场价格的行为，就好像其在每一次国际原油市场提价时，它们都会趁机购进大量原油，而国际原油价格下跌时，它们却“按兵不动”。国际成品油市场价格之所以与原油市场价格不同幅同步，就在于在竞争市场上，成品油提供商要以低价购进的原油与高价购进的原油来均衡自己的成品油定价，而并非只依原油市场的即时价格而为成品油定价的参考。

Domestic product provider to rise the international crude oil market price behavior,Like its in every international crude oil market raise prices,They will be seized the chance to purchase a large number of crude oil,And international crude oil prices dropped,They are"Sit tight".The international oil market price and the market price of crude oil of different synchronization,Is that in the competition in the market,Product provider to purchase price of crude oil and the high price of crude oil purchases to balance their own product pricing,Not only in accordance with the crude oil market real-time price for refined oil pricing reference.

　　当然，除了把成品油与原油价格挂钩，以掩饰国内成品油提供商低下的管理和竞争能力，以及转嫁风险的做法外，现有国内成品油定价机制的最大不合理之处，就在于“涨快跌慢”。造成这一结果的原因，就是现有定价办法中的“4%”调价门槛的规定。依现有成品油调价办法，当国际原油市场的价格波动达到4%时，国内成品油价格可做出相应变动。但是，在原油价格上涨时，“4%”比较的是低值，而下跌时的“4%”比较的却是高值……“公平”的外表下，其实难言公平。

Of course,In addition to the product oil and crude oil prices hook,To hide the domestic product provider poor management and competition ability,And on the practice of risk outside,Existing domestic refined oil pricing mechanism of the maximum shortcomings,is"Rise quickly fell slowly".Of the reasons,Is the current pricing method"4%"The provisions of the threshold price adjustment.In accordance with the existing product oil price adjustment measures,When the international crude oil price fluctuation in the market to 4%,The domestic refined oil prices can make change accordingly.but,In the crude oil price rises,"4%"Comparison is a base,And the fall"4%"Comparison is high value..."fair"Appearance under,In fact last fair.

　　有意思的是，今年初，在2012年“全国经济体制改革工作会议”上，有关方面就已经提出要深化成品油价格市场化改革，择机推出改革方案。而就是在同一个会议上提出的居民阶梯电价改革，下半年在全国范围内，说实行就实行了。由此可以比较，这两项改革，究竟哪一项改革的时机更“成熟”一些呢？

Interesting is,Earlier this year,In 2012"The national economic system reform work conference"on,The has been offered to deepen the prices of refined petroleum products market reform,Introduced the reform plan.And it is put forward in the same meeting residents step electricity price reform,In the second half of the nationwide,Said a is implemented.It can be compared,These two reform,Where on earth a reform more time"mature"Some??