2012年，中国对外贸易处于震荡阶段，逐步恢复到正常状况。根据中国海关总署的统计，2012年9月出口同比增长9.9%，进口增长2.4%，前9个月出口同比增长7.4%，进口增长4.8%。2月、5月、6月出口同比增长超过10%，3月、4月、7月、8月出现回落，2月、5月进口出现大幅增长，分别增长40%、13.1%，3月、4月、6月、7月、8月进口都呈现回落态势。

In 2012,,China's foreign trade in the shock stage,Gradually returned to normal status.According to China's general administration of customs statistics,In September 2012, exports year-on-year growth of 9.9%,Imports rose 2.4%,In the first nine months of the export year-on-year growth of 7.4%,Imports rose 4.8%.February/may/June exports year-on-year growth of more than 10%,march/April/July/August fell,February/May import a substantial growth,Growth of 40%, respectively/13.1%,march/April/June/July/August imports fell present situation.

　　市场机制更有效促进贸易转型。众所周知，对外贸易面对国际市场，也是中国改革开放的重要组成部分，而且是经济增长的源泉之一。国际金融危机之前，中国对外贸易的主要伙伴是发达国家，特别是日本、美国和欧盟，中国对外贸易的主要方式是加工贸易和一般贸易，外商投资企业成为重要的出口大军。早在20世纪90年代初，中国政府就提出对外贸易的转型，强调出口市场多元化、出口产品结构优化等等。期间，国内对加工贸易争论十分激烈，部分专家学者强烈反对加工贸易，认为加工贸易带来的弊端大于收益；部分专家学者十分支持加工贸易，认为加工贸易收益大于缺陷，它是实现中国新型工业化道路的重要途径。尽管两大对立观点各有一定道理，但是彼此不能说服，中国政府对加工贸易就犹豫不定，政策上出现摇摆态势。

Market mechanism more effectively promote trade transformation.As is known to all,Foreign trade in the face of international market,China's reform and opening up is the important part,And it is one of the sources of economic growth.The international financial crisis before,China's foreign trade major partners are developed countries,Especially in Japan/The United States and the European Union,China's foreign trade is the main way of processing trade and general trade,Foreign investment enterprises become the important export army.In the early 1990 s,The Chinese government will put forward the transformation of foreign trade,Emphasis on export market diversification/Export products structure optimization, etc.period,For domestic processing trade is very fierce debate,Part of the experts and scholars strongly oppose the processing trade,Think the malpractices of the processing trade is greater than the benefit;Part of the experts and scholars very supportive of processing trade,Think that processing trade income is greater than the defect,It is the realization of China's new industrialization road important way.Although the two opposing views each have a certain sense,But each other can't persuade,The Chinese government on processing trade is uncertainty,Policy appeared rocking situation.

　　可以说，政府部门下大力气促进外贸转型，但是收效并没有达到预期的效果。国际金融危机前，中国的主要贸易伙伴依旧是发达国家，美国、日本、欧盟仍旧是最重要的贸易伙伴，发展中国家的份额变化不大；最主要的出口产品主要是机电产品、纺织服装产品、家具等传统产品，即使机电产品成为最大的出口产品，但是产品增加值不高，主要是技术含量不高、没有国际品牌、没有掌控销售网络等；加工贸易仍旧是半边天下，成为中国重要的贸易方式。

Can say,Government departments with the goal to promote the transformation of foreign trade,But effective did not achieve the desired effect.Before the international financial crisis,China's major trading partner is still the developed countries,The United States/Japan/The European Union is still the most important trade partner,Developing countries share of big changes;The main export products is mainly mechanical and electrical products/Textile and clothing products/The furniture and so on traditional product,Even if the mechanical and electrical products to become the largest export products,But the added value of products is not high,Mainly is the technology content is not high/No international brand/No control over the sales network, etc;Processing trade is still half the world,Become China's important trade mode.

　　2008年下半年国际金融危机全面爆发，与全世界主要国家一样，中国对外贸易遭受极大的冲击，出口大幅下滑，出现负增长，恶化情形远超过亚洲金融危机时期，相当企业特别是加工贸易企业停工、减产，甚至是破产倒闭。尽管如此，危机带来的市场机制发挥了相当重要的作用，更加有效地促进了贸易转型。非危机时期，地方政府难以要求企业进行转型，难以调整经济结构，“腾龙换鸟”等愿望往往成为泡影。国际金融危机爆发后，为适应市场需求变化，沿海地区的加工贸易企业主动转型，加大技术进步和研发力度，新技术、新品牌等应运而生。总体来看，不适应市场的企业逐步被淘汰，积极进取的、机制创新企业、适应市场的企业逐步成长，甚至更加强大起来。

The second half of 2008 international financial crisis outbreak,With the world main countries,China's foreign trade suffer great impact,A sharp slowdown in export,Nationwitha shrinking,Worse situation than the Asian financial crisis,Quite enterprise especially the processing trade enterprise shutdown/production,Even went bankrupt.Even so,Crisis brings the market mechanism play a very important role,More effectively promote the transformation of the trade.Non crisis,The local government is difficult to requirements of enterprise transformation,Is very difficult to adjust the economic structure,"Located in the bird"Desire and often went up in smoke.The international financial crisis after the outbreak,In order to meet the market demand changes,Coastal areas of the processing trade enterprise active transformation,Increase the technological progress and the research and development dynamics,New technology/New brand etc arises at the historic moment.overall,Don't adapt to the market the enterprise gradually be eliminated,The positive enterprising/Mechanism innovation enterprise/To adapt to the market the enterprise gradually grew,Even more strong.

　　市场机制有效地促进了贸易伙伴多元化，中国企业积极开拓新兴市场，新兴经济体份额提高。2012年前9个月，东盟市场占中国出口的份额达到9.68%，比上年同期高出0.77个百分点，更高于危机时2008年同期8.09%的份额；巴西、印度、俄罗斯三国占中国出口份额达到6.21%，高于危机时期2008年同期5.84%的份额；欧盟占中国出口的16.75%，比上年同期减少2.25个百分点，更低于2008年同期20.53%的份额；日本占中国出口的7.52%，低于上年同期7.74%和2008年同期8%的份额。

Market mechanism effectively promote the diversified trading partners,Chinese enterprises to actively develop new markets,Emerging economies share increase.The first 9 months of 2012,Asean market share of China's exports reached 9.68%,0.77% higher than the same period last year,More than the same period of 2008 crisis 8.09% share;Brazil/India/Russia share of China's exports reached 6.21%,Higher than the same period of 2008 crisis 5.84% share;The European Union accounted for 16.75% of China's exports,Than the same period last year decreased by 2.25%,More lower than the same period in 2008 a share of 20.53%;Japan accounted for 7.52% of China's exports,Lower than the same period last year 7.74% and 8% share of the same period in 2008.

　　同样，市场机制促进了贸易方式变化。2012年前9个月，一般贸易出口占全国出口的48.8%，略高于上年同期48.42%的份额，远高于危机时2008年同期46.62%的份额；加工贸易出口占全国出口的37.85%，低于上年同期44.01%的份额，更低于危机时2008年同期的47.37%。此外，市场机制更加有效促进产品结构的优化，实现了政府调控难以达到的目标。

The same,The market mechanism to promote the trade mode change.The first 9 months of 2012,General trade exports accounted for 48.8% of exports,Slightly higher than the same period last year 48.42% of the share,Crisis is far higher than the same period of 2008 a share of 46.62%;Processing trade exports accounted for 37.85% of exports,Lower than the same period last year 44.01% of the share,More lower than the same period of 2008 crisis of 47.37%.In addition,Market mechanism more effectively promote the optimization of product structure,Realize the government regulation is difficult to achieve.

　　我们看到危机带来全球冲击的同时，也要看到市场机制的有效性。2012年9月份出口增速的反弹并不说明经济复苏。近期，发达国家纷纷实施量化宽松货币政策，对全球贸易将带来新的影响，值得我们密切关注。

We see the crisis brings the global impact at the same time,Also want to see the effectiveness of the market mechanism.In September 2012 the bounce of the export growth not that economic recovery.recent,The developed countries are implementing quantitative easing monetary policy,On the global trade will bring new influence,Worthy of our close attention.