随着现代社会生活节奏的加快，价格低廉、易于食用、便于储存的方便面广受消费者欢迎，即便是在当前复杂严峻的国内外经济形势下，方便面产品依然持续热销。今年前3个季度，广东顺德生产的方便面出口达762吨、货值239.7万美元，同比分别增长12.9%和20.3%。但在量价齐增的背后，方便面出口已经面临日趋严苛的技术性贸易措施和管控要求，屡屡碰“壁”的隐忧开始显现。

Along with the development of modern social life rhythm speeding up,Low price/Easy to eat/Facilitate stored instant noodles broadly by the consumer welcome,Even in the current complex and severe economic situation at home and abroad,Instant noodles products still continue sell like hot cakes.In the first three quarters,Guangdong shunde production of instant noodles export 762 tons/The value of $2.397 million,Year-on-year growth of 12.9%, respectively, and 20.3%.But in the back of the JiZeng volume and price,Instant noodles export has faced increasingly harsh technical trade measures and control requirements,Repeatedly touch"wall"The potential began to appear.

　　国内外悬殊的“铝含量标准”

The gap of both at home and abroad"Aluminum content standard"

　　据欧盟食品和饲料类快速预警系统（RASFF）8月8日通报，顺德出口的一款方便面在荷兰被检出“含有铝15.5mg/kg”，超出了欧盟的口岸抽检项目“铝的临时限量标准10mg/kg”。据调查，该产品实际出口地区是香港，经由非正常贸易渠道转口，流入荷兰市场。香港暂时没有特定的法规管控食品中铝的限量，而参考的国标GB2760-2011对于食品添加剂残留铝含量的限量标准是100mg/kg，欧盟制定的铝含量标准远远高出了我国国标10倍之多。

According to the European Union food and feed class rapid early warning system(RASFF)On August 8, the bulletin,Shunde export one instant noodles in the Netherlands was detected"Contains aluminum 15.5 mg/kg",Beyond the European Union port check project"Aluminum temporary limit standard 10 mg/kg".According to the survey,The product actual export area is Hong Kong,Through the abnormal trade channel transit,Into Dutch market.Hong Kong temporarily no specific regulations control target set limit to food,And the reference national standard GB2760-2011 for food additives residual aluminum content is the standard of set limit to 100 mg/kg,The European Union set of aluminum content standard is much higher than the national standard in China 10 times.

　　铝是一种低毒金属元素，人体摄入后大部分会在体内蓄积，方便面中铝的产生主要来自于含有硫酸铝钾、硫酸铝铵的膨松剂。我国关于铝残留限量的标准是针对产品而制定的，而欧盟设定的铝含量标准则是对人体健康的评估限量。从香港食环署关于铝含量的第三十五号风险评估报告书来看，“建议业界，在制造食物时尽量减少使用含铝食物添加剂或改用其他替代品”，提高相关产品的准入门槛将成必然。

Aluminum is a kind of low toxic metal elements,The human body after intake will most in the body accumulation,Instant noodles target produced mainly from contains aluminium potassium sulfate/Aluminium ammonium sulfate of raising agent.Our country about aluminum residue limits is the standard for products are,And the European Union set of aluminium content standard is limited to human body health assessment.From Hong Kong and food bureau about aluminum content of no. 35 risk assessment report to see,"Suggest the industry,In manufacturing food as far as possible to reduce the use aluminized food additives or to switch to other substitutes",Improve related products admittance threshold will be inevitable.

　　因此，检验检疫部门一方面要作出警示，督促企业采取措施，避免原本出口香港的产品进入欧盟市场；另一方面要加强对方便面的质量把关和开展安全风险监控，加快铝含量标准与国际标准接轨的步伐。

therefore,The inspection and quarantine department on the one hand to make warning,Supervise the enterprise take measures,Avoid originally exported to Hong Kong's products to enter the eu market;On the other hand we should strengthen the instant noodle quality checks and carry out safety risk monitoring,To speed up the aluminum content standards and the international standard pace.

　　难以界定来源的“硼酸超标”

Difficult to define the source"Boric acid overweight"

　　硼酸、硼砂是我国及香港地区都禁用的添加剂，但由于其防腐和增加韧性、改善口感等方面的特殊作用，仍有不法商贩在违规使用。出口食品安全风险监控计划中，对面制品“硼酸”检测项目的专家推荐限量是“<1mg/kg”。今年3月，抽检出口香港的顺德某批次方便面产品时，测得“硼酸”的含量为1.8mg/kg，超出了相关限量标准。检验检疫部门立即暂停了该批次方便面的出口，同时对企业生产的原辅料、食品添加剂的采购和使用情况进行了全面细致的检查，初步排除了企业故意违规添加硼酸的可能。

Boric acid/Borax is our country and Hong Kong are banned additives,But because of its anti-corrosion and increase toughness/Improve the taste of special function,There are still pusher in illegal use.Export food safety risk monitoring plan,Opposite products"Boric acid"The test items of experts recommended limits is"<1 mg/kg".In march this year,Check exported to Hong Kong, shunde a batch instant noodle products,measured"Boric acid"Content is 1.8 mg/kg,Beyond the limited standards related.The inspection and quarantine department immediately suspend the batch export of instant noodles,At the same time the production of raw materials to the enterprise/Food additives of purchase and use condition to the comprehensive and thorough check,Preliminary ruled out enterprise intentionally violate compasses to add the possibility of boric acid.

　　“硼酸”的检测方法GB21918-2008是用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法，通过测定硼元素的含量来确定样品中“硼酸”的含量。硼元素是一种天然存在于粮食、蔬菜、水果等农作物及其制品中的非金属元素。根据中国疾控中心对12个省市的食品硼本底含量调查显示，不同类别的食品含硼量差异很大，大豆的本底含量是39.46mg/kg，水果和猪肉在4mg/kg～7mg/kg之间，大米和小麦含量较低，不超过4mg/kg。目前，国标的检测方法难以明确界定超标的部分是来源于产品本底自然存在的硼元素，还是人为添加的硼酸、硼砂，给检验监管工作带来很大难度。

"Boric acid"The detection method is GB21918-2008 with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum(By icp-aes)method,Through the determination of the content of boron element to determine the sample"Boric acid"content.Boron element is a kind of natural exist in food/vegetables/Fruit crops and products of nonmetal elements.According to the Chinese CDC to 12 provinces and cities of food boron background content survey,Different types of food boron quantity difference is very big,Soybean background content is 39.46 mg/kg,Fruit and pork in 4 mg/kg between ~ 7 mg/kg,Rice and wheat content is low,Not more than 4 mg/kg.At present,National standard test methods is difficult to clearly define overweight part is from the product background natural existence of boron element,Or artificial added boric acid/borax,To inspection supervision work great difficulty.

　　安全风险疑云带来负面影响

Safety risk the negative influence

　　在食品工业不断进步和市场激烈竞争的推动下，方便面产品及其调味料品种越来越丰富，包装越来越精美，随之带来的是安全风险问题的增多，也引起了媒体的广泛关注。去年5月，香港媒体报道方便面中塑化剂（邻苯二甲酸酯类）物质含量超标。检验检疫人员立即深入企业进行紧急排查，并抽取样品再次检测，留样复检，并未发现“塑化剂”超标，香港官方部门公布的检验结果也显示正常。该事件的妥善处置，使顺德供港方便面及时恢复了出口，避免了媒体报道造成更大的负面影响。

In the food industry progress and market fierce competition under the push,Instant noodles products and seasoning variety is more and more abundant,Packaging more and more exquisite,Then bring is safety risk problem increasing,Also has caused the media's attention.Last may,Hong Kong media reported in the instant noodles plasticizing agent(Phthalate esters)Matter content exceeds bid.The inspection and quarantine personnel immediate in-depth enterprise emergency regularly,And samples to test again,Retention samples review,Did not find"plasticizer"overweight,Hong Kong official department published test results also show that the normal.The incident proper disposal,Make good shunde instant noodles timely returned to export,To avoid the media cause greater negative impact.

　　继“塑化剂”事件后，方便面外桶“荧光粉”问题又引起了争议。今年8月，国际食品包装协会公布对方便面桶的调查报告中，质疑中国多款知名品牌所用的纸桶外层荧光性物质含量超标。中国食品科学技术协会面制品分会随即发表声明，指出方便面纸容器的内层“纸碗”和外层“碗标”具不同功能，适用于不同的安全标准；而目前我国的所有方便面纸质容器内层与食品接触的纸碗、纸杯均是严格按照国家相关标准执行，不存在“污染”或“致癌”等问题。

the"plasticizer"incident,Instant noodles outer barrel"phosphors"The controversial problem again.August,The international food packaging association announced on the instant noodles barrel survey report,Questioned China famous brand of used paper barrel outer fluorescence matter content exceeds bid.Chinese food association for science and technology flour product branch said in a statement released immediately,Points out that the lining of the instant noodles paper container"Paper bowl"And outer"Bowl scale"With different function,Suitable for different safety standards;At present, all of the instant noodles paper container inner and food contact paper bowl/Paper cups are strictly in accordance with the relevant national standards,Does not exist"pollution"or"carcinogenic"problems.

　　“抓质量”是突破壁垒关键

"Grasping quality"Is the key breakthrough barriers

　　方便面出口碰“壁”多，除了折射出食品加工工艺的更新、食品添加剂和包装材料带来的安全问题外，更反映了隐藏在食品安全问题之下的非关税贸易壁垒对我国出口产品的影响，而突破壁垒的关键还是在于“抓质量”。

Instant noodles export touch"wall"more,In addition to reflects the food processing technology update/Food additives and packing materials bring security issues outside,More reflect the hidden in food safety problems under the non-tariff trade barriers to our country the influence of export products,And the key is to break through barriers or"Grasping quality".

　　我国现行的部分标准陈旧，与生产实际相比，检测项目不全，指标偏低，滞后于目前市场对产品质量的要求。“抓质量”必须从“重结果”向“重过程”转变，从“管产品”向“管风险”转变。完善对企业质量控制体系的监管机制，推行全程监管模式，对方便面出口企业的原料采购、生产工艺、包装运输等环节进行全面的监督把关；完善风险监测、风险信息收集、分析研判工作机制，及早发现和消除质量安全隐患，避免系统性产品安全问题发生。此外，还要积极开展相关标准的更新、修正工作，加快与国际标准接轨的步伐。

China's current part of the old standard,Compared with the production practice,The test items is not complete,Index on the low side,Lagged behind the market requirements for product quality."Grasping quality"Must from"Heavy results"to"Heavy process"transformation,from"Tube product"to"Tube risk"transformation.Perfect quality control system for enterprise supervision mechanism,The implementation of the supervision mode,Export enterprises to instant noodles of the raw material purchasing/Production process/Packaging transportation link to conduct a comprehensive supervision and checks;Improve risk monitoring/Risk information collection/Analysis of the working mechanism of judge,Early detection and eliminate quality safety hidden trouble,Avoid systemic product safety issues.In addition,To actively carry out relevant standard updates/Fixed work,To speed up the pace of with the international standard.