广交会三期日前开展，本期最受外界关注的焦点，当属中国加工贸易出口的“元老”纺织服装业，因为遭受主要出口国外需大幅减少，原材料棉花价格国内大大高于国际的双重夹击，企业利润普遍下滑至不足3个点。大部分参展商表示，日子难过，企业走到生死存亡的阶段。仍能保持淡定的，是那些已经培育起一定规模国内市场的出口型企业，“单靠出口撑不下去”。

The China export commodities fair 3 period has to carry out,Current the most popular outside the focus of attention,When China's processing trade exports"patriarch"Textile garment industry,Because suffer from major exporter overseas market demand is greatly reduced,Domestic cotton prices of raw materials greatly higher than international double flank,Corporate profits decline common to less than three points.Most exhibitors said,Days sad,Enterprise went to the stage of life and death.Can still maintain the calm,Are those who have a certain scale foster domestic market of export-oriented enterprises,"Exports alone can't hold on to".

　　中国服装(000902)协会常务副会长陈大鹏透露，上月中国服装出口量增长-1.8%，至此中国服装出口量已经连续11个月负增长。“百分之二三十增长的时代已经一去不复返。”

Chinese clothing(000902)Association executive vice President ChenDaPeng revealed,Last month Chinese clothing exports growth of 1.8%,Thus Chinese clothing exports have continuous 11 months of negative growth."Twenty or thirty growth of the time has gone."

　　前狼后虎中间压座山

After the Wolf before tiger intermediate pressure mountain

　　目前，纺织服装行业正经受“旧三件”最强烈和集中的冲击。所谓“旧三件”是指“汇率波动、成本高企、外需不振”，它一直困扰着国内出口型企业。业内人士描述纺织服装行业现状时说：前“狼”后“虎”，中间有座“山”。“狼”是指欧美纺织企业依然占据着价值链的高端，“虎”比喻东南亚国家纺织业的崛起，而压得纺企喘不过气的“山”则是国内生产成本没有最高只有更高的一路攀升。

At present,The textile and apparel industry is being"Old three pieces of"The most intense and concentration of impact.The so-called"Old three pieces of"Refers to"Exchange rate fluctuations/Cost high/Overseas market demand of",It has been plagued by domestic export-oriented enterprises.The personage inside course of study to describe the textile and apparel industry said current situation:before"The Wolf"after"tiger",Intermediate a"mountain"."The Wolf"Refers to Europe and the United States textile enterprise still occupy the high-end value chain,"tiger"Parable southeast Asian countries the rise of the textile industry,And the pressure to FangQi suffocative"mountain"Is domestic production cost not only higher highest climbing.

　　成本高企方面，深圳维泰斯公司董事长曾祥金给记者算了一笔账：最棘手的莫过于国际与国内棉花市场的差价。目前，国内每吨棉花的价格高于国际市场4000元左右，一些企业因用棉成本过高不得不限产，绝大部分企业每产一吨纯棉纱亏损就超过2000元；此外，就算公司把生产基地从深圳迁至内地，工人月薪仍是越南等东南亚工人的4倍；国际海运的价格也猛涨，一个大柜到日本，由年初的400美元上涨到600美元，欧美航线更甚，因为需求减少航班相应减少，导致每航班费用几乎翻倍。

Cost high aspect,Shenzhen d tice company chairman CengXiangJin give reporters calculate a bill:The most difficult way of international and domestic cotton market spread.At present,Domestic per ton cotton prices higher than international market 4000 yuan or so,Some enterprise because of the high cost of cotton to effects,Most of the enterprise each produce a ton of pure cotton yarn loss is more than 2000 yuan;In addition,Even if the company production base in shenzhen moved to the mainland,Workers salary is still Vietnam southeast Asia workers 4 times;International shipping price also has soared,A large tank to Japan,At the beginning of the year by up to $600 to $400,Europe and the United States route more very,Because needs to cut flights reduced correspondingly,Cause every flight expenses nearly doubled.

　　比较优势已经丧失，纺织服装企业继续不能再以“价格”拼市场。“开展首日，一个德国有2000家直营超市的采购商告诉我，他以后要去东南亚采购，因为我们的产品比印度、巴基斯坦报价贵了接近3成”。深圳荣昌利家用纺织品有限公司负责人张溁介绍，深圳几家大型家纺企业，今年上半年出口订单普遍减少3成，下半年减少5成以上。

Comparative advantage has lost,Textile clothing enterprise can't continue to"price"Spell market."First in,A German has more than 2000 retail supermarket buyers to tell me,He'll go to southeast Asia procurement,Because of our products than India/Pakistan offer your close to 3 into".Shenzhen rongchang the household textile co., LTD. Person in charge zhang 溁 is introduced,Shenzhen several large home textile enterprise,In the first half of this year export orders generally reduce 3 into,In the second half of the 5 reduce more than.

　　企业表示，成本压力是中国制造竞争力减弱的更重要的因素。

Enterprise said,Cost pressure is China's manufacturing competitiveness weakening of the more important factors.

　　抄袭和跟风冲击中国制造

Copy and follow suit impact made in China

　　采访中，纺织服装企业普遍对快速崛起的东南亚制造表现担忧。

interview,Textile clothing enterprise is the rapid rise of the southeast Asia manufacturing performance concerns.

　　“生产成本低廉带来的价格竞争，我们可以通过开发和推出新品来化解。毕竟纺织服装复杂的各道工序里，中国制造在全球范围仍占据相对中高端的位置。可怕的是东南亚，尤其是来自印度和巴基斯坦的抄袭和跟风，其速度之快，让我们常常措手不及”。深圳中通进出口有限公司孙菁介绍。

"The production cost is low with price competition,We can through the development and launch new products to resolve.After all, textile and apparel complex in each procedure,Made in China in the global range still occupy relatively high end location.Terrible is southeast Asia,Especially from India and Pakistan's copy and follow suit,The fast,Let us often unprepared".Shenzhen zhongtong import and export co., LTD. SunJing is introduced.

　　孙菁表示，该行业中国企业可以施展拳脚的空间很狭窄，而新品推出不出半年就有抄袭者。近年来，公司接待多批东南亚“采购商”进厂考察，经过详细观摩各道工序以及询问低价后对方离开。之后试图进一步确认订单，“采购商”如人间蒸发般再也无法取得联系。过不多久客户反映，可以用便宜得多的价钱在东南亚采购到类似的产品，包括中通最新的工艺、花型、款式，甚至包装都雷同。

SunJing said,The industry Chinese enterprises can be cast into the space is very narrow,And new product launch out half a year has a copycat.In recent years,The company receives many group of southeast Asia"buyers"Into the factory investigation,After watching detailed the process and to ask after leave each other at a low price.After trying to further confirmation of order,"buyers"Such as evaporation, couldn't get in touch.After a while the customer reflect,Can use much cheaper prices in southeast Asia procurement to similar products,Including zhongtong the newest technology/pattern/style,Even the packing are identical.

　　张溁指着展区货架上陈列的毛巾告诉记者，素色毛巾中国制造已经无法和印度产品竞争，因为对方可以做到同等品质和低得多的价位。印花系列，前两年东南亚不会做，现在已经基本掌握，虽然品质还未完全与中国制造同步。提花系列，则是中国制造目前可以叫得动价的产品，企业纷纷在这个领域提高工艺，对设计、染色、纱织各环节升级换代。

As a 溁 exhibition display shelves of towel told reporters,Plain towel made in China and India has been unable to product competition,Because someone can do the same quality and much lower price.Printing series,Before two years southeast Asia won't do,Now the basic grasp,Although the quality is still not completely and made in China synchronization.Jacquard series,It is made in China at present can call to dynamic price products,Enterprises have to improve technology in this field,To design/dyeing/Yarn weave each link upgrading.

　　参展商普遍表示，从低端拼价格到中高端拼工艺，这个看似被逼出来的转型升级，带来的结果是：为了保住客户和利润，企业不得不减少出口量;卖的产品贵了，档次高了，量也少了。部分参展商仍旧怀念以往以量取胜的日子，“外需不振，便宜货才是王道。低端产品利润不到5个点，但量走得大，现金回收快。中高端产品虽然利润达到10个点，总体而言购买力还是弱”。

Exhibitors common said,From the low price to spell in high-end spell process,This seemingly be forced out of the transformation and upgrade,The result of:In order to keep customers and profit,Enterprise have to reduce exports;Products to sell expensive,High class the,Quantity and less.Part of the exhibitors are still miss ever win in quantity of the day,"Overseas market demand of,A bargain is kingcraft.The low end product profit less than five points,But quantity go too big,Cash recovery fast.Although profits in high-end products up to 10 point,Overall purchasing power or weak".

　　走出去能否规避成本高企?

Go out can avoid high cost?

　　那么，把生产线外迁到东南亚国家，是否能部分解决成本高企难题?参展商表达了两种截然不同的观点。

so,The production line moved to southeast Asia countries,If you can solve the problem of high cost?Exhibitors expressed two completely different points of view.

　　红豆集团副总裁周鸣江表示，利用中国的资源，中国的加工劳动力，这条路不能长久。应该利用国外的资源，达到全球化布局的目的。2007年，集团在柬埔寨建立境外经贸合作园区。“一方面当地劳动力成本低，工人每月的最低工资是150美元(约合人民币800元)，而国内工人的工资是3000多元。在柬埔寨建一个1000多人的工厂，企业每年能比在国内节省2000多万元支出”;再者，柬埔寨享有出口欧美的免关税优惠待遇，还可以利用日本、韩国、印度的自由贸易协议。

Hongdou group vice President ZhouMingJiang said,Using China's resources,China's processing labor,This road will not endure.Should utilize overseas resources,To achieve the purpose of globalization layout.In 2007,,Group in Cambodia to establish overseas economic and trade cooperation zone."On the one hand the local low labor costs,Workers monthly minimum wage is $150(800 yuan),And domestic workers' salary is 3000 yuan.In Cambodia to build a more than 1000 factories,Each year than in domestic enterprise can save more than 2000 yuan expenditure";moreover,Cambodia have exported to Europe and America are exempted from duty of preferential treatment,Still can use Japan/South Korea/India's free trade agreement.

　　与之相反，深圳几家大型家纺企业却表示，不会考虑把生产搬迁至国外，他们选择了从深圳到内地的路线。其中，维泰斯把工厂从深圳迁到了浙江，荣昌利迁至河北，中通则迁至无锡和南通。曾祥金的看法代表了他们的观点：搬迁或许可以解近渴，但不是长远之计。“实际上，现在东南亚的人力成本已是几年前的一倍以上，同样在不断上升，只不过基数比国内低很多。”此外，东南亚国家政局不稳定，政府作风、与中国关系等不确定因素，也是许多出口企业没有选择出走的主要原因。

Contrary to,Shenzhen several large home textile enterprise has said,Won't consider moving production to foreign,They chose from shenzhen to the mainland's route.the,D tice from the factory in shenzhen moved to zhejiang,The rongchang moved to hebei,The general principles of the moved to wuxi and nantong.CengXiangJin view represents their point of view:Move may solution nearly thirsty,But not long term of the meter."In fact,Now southeast Asia human cost is a times more than a few years ago,Also on the rise,But much lower than domestic base."In addition,Southeast Asian countries political instability,The government style/Relations with China and uncertainty factors,Also many export enterprises have no choice out of the main reason.