美欧“抱团”，全球贸易规则或更改 “自贸区”前景美妙，谈判艰难

Us and European"BaoTuan",Global trade rules or changes "Free trade"Wonderful prospect,Negotiations difficult

　　2月13日，欧盟委员会宣布，欧盟与美国已就尽快启动双边自由贸易协定谈判达成一致，双方将努力在今年6月底之前启动谈判。欧盟资深专家认为，美国和欧洲这两个全球最重要的经济体之间酝酿“抱团”成立全球最大的自贸区，将对全球贸易规则的制定产生重要影响。

On February 13,,The European commission announced,The European Union and the United States has will start as soon as possible bilateral free trade agreement negotiators reached the agreement,The two sides will in the end of June this year to start negotiations before.Senior experts believe that the European Union,The United States and Europe that two of the world's most important economies brewing between"BaoTuan"The world's largest free trade was established,To global trade rules have an important impact on the formulation of.

　　欧盟委员会主席巴罗佐在13日举行的新闻发布会上称：这一被称作“跨大西洋贸易与投资伙伴关系”的自贸协定最终如果达成，世界最大的自由贸易区将诞生。按照圈定的时间表，自贸区谈判将在两年内完成。

President of the European commission, jose Manuel barroso, in 13, said at a news conference:This is called"The transatlantic trade and investment partnership"Since the trade agreement eventually if we come to,The world's largest free trade area will be born.According to the outline of the schedule,Free trade negotiation will be completed in two years.

　　双方经济将提速1.5%

The economy will speed by 1.5%

　　奥巴马总统12日在他的国情咨文中表示，正式启动与欧盟的自贸区谈判，不仅将扩大27个欧盟国家和美国在大西洋两岸的贸易地位，也将为美国企业扩大贸易出口、拓展贸易业务提供更多机会。

Obama President 12 in his state of the union address said,Official start and the eu's free trade negotiation,Not only will expand 27 eu countries and the United States on both sides of the Atlantic trade position,Also to the enterprise to expand export trade/To provide more opportunities to expand trade business.

　　欧美政坛商界兴起一股乐观浪潮，认为此番谈判能够取得突破，不仅振兴大西洋两岸的经济，还将弥合欧盟内部的裂痕。一些自贸区的支持者还希望自贸区在提高双方经济增长水平的同时，降低美欧消费品价格，为长期缺乏生机的经济注入新的活力。

Europe and the United States politics business rise a cold wave of optimism,Think that this "the negotiations to a breakthrough,Not only the economy on both sides of the Atlantic,Will also heal the rift in the European Union.Some supporters of free trade also want to free trade in improving the level of economic growth at the same time,American and European consumer prices lower,For long-term lack of vitality economic inject new vitality.

　　巴罗佐表示，欧美自贸协定将不仅仅涉及关税的减免，更重要的是削除非关税的贸易壁垒，让欧美市场融为一体。具体措施包括：相互开放银行业、政府采购等，统一双方的食品安全标准、药品监管认证、专利申请与认证、制造业的技术与安全标准、法规和认证，投资便利化等。

, jose Manuel barroso, said,Europe and the United States since the trade agreement will not only involves tariff cuts,More important is to eliminate non-tariff trade barriers,Let the European and American market be in harmony is an organic whole.The concrete measures include:Mutual opening of the banking industry/Government procurement,,Unified the food safety standards/Drug supervision the authentication/Patent application and the authentication/Manufacturing technology and safety standards/Regulations and the authentication,Investment facilitation, etc.

　　据悉，自贸协定将为双方经济注入强劲的增长动力。巴罗佐估计，协定生效后将为欧盟带来相当于其国内生产总值0.5%的经济刺激，每年将增加数百亿欧元的收入与数万个就业机会。

It is reported,The fta will both economic injection strong growth momentum., jose Manuel barroso, estimated,Agreement will take effect for the European Union to bring its gross domestic product is equivalent to 0.5% of the economic stimulus,Every year tens of billions of euros will increase the income and tens of thousands of jobs.

　　目前，从经济体量来看，美国和欧盟是全球最大的两个经济体，经济产出占全球的半壁江山，双边约3.8万亿美元的贸易额占全球贸易总额的三分之一。美国公司在欧投资近2万亿美元，是其在亚洲投资的3倍。欧盟企业在美国投资达1.7万亿美元，是其对中国、印度两大新兴经济体投资总额的8倍。

At present,From the economic dimension to see,The United States and the European Union is the world's two largest economies,The share of global economic output deodorants,Bilateral trade volume of about $3.8 trillion for a third of the total amount of global trade.American companies invest about $2 trillion in Europe,Is the investment in Asia 3 times.The eu enterprises in the investment of us $1.7 trillion,Is the China/India's two big emerging economies of the total investment amount of the eight times.

　　坐拥8亿人口的美欧自贸区一旦建成，将成为全球规模最大的自由贸易区。尽管目前美欧之间的商品交易关税已降至3%以下，但由于双方贸易基数可观，即便小幅贸易增长，也能产生巨额经济效益。据欧盟估计，美欧自贸协定可使欧、美生产总值在2027年前分别增长0.5和0.4个百分点，相当于860亿欧元和650亿欧元。而美国商会则预计，自贸协定会让双方经济提速1.5%。

Sitting on 800 million population of the us and European free trade once completed,Will become the world's largest free trade area.Although the us and Europe at present between trade tariffs have been reduced to below 3%,But because the two sides trade base is considerable,Even small trade growth,Can also produce huge economic benefits.According to the European Union estimation,Since the American and European trade agreement can make Europe/American GDP growth in 2027 years ago were 0.5 and 0.4%,The equivalent of 86 billion euros and 65 billion euros.And the United States chamber of commerce is expected,The fta will let both sides economic speed by 1.5%.

　　不求“一体”求“一起”

not"one"for"together"

　　自贸区谈判的想法，由来已久。欧洲在上世纪90年代就提出“跨大西洋自由贸易区”的构想，但至今仍旧停留在纸面上。之所以如此，是因为美国和欧洲领导人此前的贸易重心，都聚焦在“东扩”上。美国谋求与新加坡、韩国等经济发展更快的国家达成区域性自贸区，欧盟则致力于和加拿大等建立自贸关系。

The idea of free trade negotiation,has.Europe is put forward in the 1990 s"The transatlantic free trade area"idea,But still stay in the paper.so,Because the United States and European leaders had trade center of gravity,Have focused on"enlargement"on.The United States is seeking and Singapore/South Korea and other countries economic development faster a regional free trade,The European Union and Canada is committed to establish trade relations since.

　　现在，美欧双方都希望走出金融危机和债务危机的阴影，通过建立自贸区提振疲软的经济，不过，具体落实的话，还是矛盾重重，前路漫漫。欧盟官员承认，世界上最发达的两大经济体要达成一致并非易事。巴罗佐表示，由于谈判涉及两大经济体市场规则、监管的相互兼容，自贸区的愿景实现起来“不会容易”。

now,Both the us and Europe hope out of the financial crisis and the shadow of the debt crisis,Through the establishment of free trade boost the weak economy,but,The specific implement words,Or contradictions,Before a long way.The European Union officials admit,The most developed in the world's two largest economies need to agree is not easy., jose Manuel barroso, said,Due to the negotiation involves two major economies market rules/Supervision compatible with each other,Free trade vision to realize it"Not easy to".

　　实际情况是，欧美在农产品市场准入、开放金融业等问题上分歧非常大。双方在劳工、环境、公共卫生、安全标准及农产品准入等规则方面的争论无可避免。一位欧洲经济专家说：“这次将是欧盟和美国双方第一次都要在谈判中做出妥协，难度可想而知。”

Actual situation is,Europe and the United States in the agricultural products market access/Open the financial industry on a very big differences.Both sides in the labor/environment/Public health/Safety standards and access to agricultural products, such as rules of debate is inevitable.A European economic experts say:"This will be the European Union and the United States both sides, for the first time in the negotiations to a compromise,Difficulty cans be imagined."

　　在欧洲，如何协调27国的立场，将给谈判带来不确定性。美国也面临类似的困境。欧盟要求美国开放金融业、交通基础设施建设等领域，但这些行业在美国主要由州政府监管，要让50个州在行业开放的步伐上整齐划一，其难度可想而知。

In Europe,How to coordinate the position of the 27 countries,Will give talks with uncertainty.The United States faces a similar dilemma.The eu wants the United States to open the financial industry/Traffic infrastructure construction, etc,But the industry in the United States mainly by the state regulation,Let fifty states in the industry and opening-up of the uniform,One can imagine the difficulty.

　　美国彼得森国际经济研究所的国际贸易政策高级研究员杰弗里·司格特表示，美欧之间的谈判，并非静态的相互博弈，还要考虑其他发达国家和新兴经济体的因素。因此，统一行业标准和规范，对美欧来说几乎是不可能的任务。看来，能够达成不求“一体”求“一起”，已是上上大吉。

The United States at the peterson institute for international economics international trade policy senior researcher Jeffrey Scott said,The talks between the us and Europe,Is not a static game each other,Consider other developed countries and emerging economies factors.so,Unified industry standards and specifications,The us and Europe to it is almost impossible task.It seems,Can not reach"one"for"together",Is up just fine.